用混合方法生成难样本,提升图异常检测的边界识别能力
Toward Reasoning on the Boundary: A Mixup-based Approach for Graph Anomaly Detection
- 通过混合正常与异常子图表示,生成有挑战性的硬负样本
- 在多个数据集上显著提升边界异常检测准确率,优于现有最优模型
- 适合关注图神经网络推理能力提升的研究者或工业场景异常检测
基于GNN的异常检测方法虽能识别明显离群点,但对伪装性强的边界异常(即难以与正常节点区分的微妙异常)表现不佳。这暴露出现有方法推理能力的不足。我们发现,标准图对比学习依赖易样本,导致决策边界过于简单。为此,提出ANOMIX框架:通过线性插值正常与异常子图表示,合成具有信息量的硬负样本,主动填充决策边界区域。实验表明,该方法在多个基准数据集上成功分离出现有最先进模型无法识别的边界异常,其得分分布差异明显。结果表明,利用mixup生成硬负样本是优化GNN表征空间、增强推理能力的有效策略,有助于实现更鲁棒可靠的图异常检测。代码已开源。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
While GNN-based detection methods excel at identifying overt outliers, they often struggle with boundary anomalies -- subtly camouflaged nodes that are difficult to distinguish from normal instances. This limitation highlights a fundamental gap in the reasoning capabilities of existing methods. We attribute this issue to the reliance of standard Graph Contrastive Learning (GCL) on easy negatives, which fosters the learning of simplistic decision boundaries. To address this issue, we propose ANOMIX, a framework that synthesizes informative hard negatives by linearly interpolating representations of normal and abnormal subgraphs. This graph mixup strategy intentionally populates the decision boundary with hard-to-detect samples. Through targeted experimental analysis, we demonstrate that ANOMIX successfully separates these boundary anomalies where state-of-the-art baselines fail, as shown by a clear distinction in the score distributions for these challenging cases. These findings suggest that synthesizing hard negatives via mixup is a potent strategy for refining GNN representation space, which in turn enhances its reasoning capacity for more robust and reliable graph anomaly detection. Code is available at https://github.com/missinghwan/ANOMIX.
Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。