为算法平台设计公平分配注意力的治理原则
Lecture II: Communicative Justice and the Distribution of Attention
- 提出沟通正义理论，聚焦算法如何分配注意力
- 主张数字公共领域需有意识建构而非自发形成
- 适合关注算法伦理与数字治理的研究者
算法中介通过其架构、推荐算法和内容审核实践，塑造数字公共领域的沟通方式并以前所未有的精细度、速度和规模分配注意力。从虚假信息、情绪极化到仇恨言论与极端化，数字公共领域的诸多病理现象表明，当前机制亟待改进。但应以何种理想为目标？现有政治哲学理论多假设只要界定好表达边界，健康公共领域便会自然涌现，却无法指导如何主动构建数字公共领域。除关注表达自由的理论外，还需发展专门针对算法中介的沟通正义理论。本讲座主张，政治哲学亟需提供对数字公共领域沟通的治理框架，并提出并捍卫一种民主平等主义的沟通正义理论。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Algorithmic intermediaries govern the digital public sphere through their architectures, amplification algorithms, and moderation practices. In doing so, they shape public communication and distribute attention in ways that were previously infeasible with such subtlety, speed and scale. From misinformation and affective polarisation to hate speech and radicalisation, the many pathologies of the digital public sphere attest that they could do so better. But what ideals should they aim at? Political philosophy should be able to help, but existing theories typically assume that a healthy public sphere will spontaneously emerge if only we get the boundaries of free expression right. They offer little guidance on how to intentionally constitute the digital public sphere. In addition to these theories focused on expression, we need a further theory of communicative justice, targeted specifically at the algorithmic intermediaries that shape communication and distribute attention. This lecture argues that political philosophy urgently owes an account of how to govern communication in the digital public sphere, and introduces and defends a democratic egalitarian theory of communicative justice.
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