arXiv:2410.20790cs.CV2024-10被引 2

利用视频帧间连续性,加速CNN视频编码器且不增加内存开销。

SparseTem: Boosting the Efficiency of CNN-Based Video Encoders by Exploiting Temporal Continuity

  • 通过跳过帧间冗余计算,动态调度处理流程。
  • 对EfficientDet提速1.79倍,对CRNN提速4.72倍,精度损失极小。
  • 适合需要高效视频处理的自动驾驶、目标检测等场景。

深度学习模型在视频处理中日益关键,广泛应用于自动驾驶和目标检测等实际场景。尽管视觉变换器(ViTs)表现优异,卷积神经网络(CNNs)仍是特征提取与编码的高效高性能力选。然而,卷积操作的高计算开销限制了其作为视频编码器的广泛应用。鉴于视频帧间存在固有的时间连续性,相邻帧间变化微小,可跳过冗余计算。我们提出该技术为差分计算(Diff Computation),面临两大挑战:一是需缓存中间特征图以保证非线性计算正确性,导致显著内存消耗;二是差分计算引入层间稀疏性不平衡,引发精度下降。为此,我们设计了一种内存高效的调度方法消除内存开销,并提出在线调整机制最小化精度损失。将这些技术整合至框架SparseTem中,可无缝支持多种基于CNN的视频编码器。实验表明,SparseTem在EfficientDet上实现1.79倍加速,在CRNN上实现4.72倍加速,精度损失极小,无额外内存开销。大量实验证明,SparseTem通过有效利用时间连续性,实现了基于CNN的视频编码器的新性能标杆。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Deep learning models have become pivotal in the field of video processing and is increasingly critical in practical applications such as autonomous driving and object detection. Although Vision Transformers (ViTs) have demonstrated their power, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) remain a highly efficient and high-performance choice for feature extraction and encoding. However, the intensive computational demands of convolution operations hinder its broader adoption as a video encoder. Given the inherent temporal continuity in video frames, changes between consecutive frames are minimal, allowing for the skipping of redundant computations. This technique, which we term as Diff Computation, presents two primary challenges. First, Diff Computation requires to cache intermediate feature maps to ensure the correctness of non-linear computations, leading to significant memory consumption. Second, the imbalance of sparsity among layers, introduced by Diff Computation, incurs accuracy degradation. To address these issues, we propose a memory-efficient scheduling method to eliminate memory overhead and an online adjustment mechanism to minimize accuracy degradation. We integrate these techniques into our framework, SparseTem, to seamlessly support various CNN-based video encoders. SparseTem achieves speedup of 1.79x for EfficientDet and 4.72x for CRNN, with minimal accuracy drop and no additional memory overhead. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that SparseTem sets a new state-of-the-art by effectively utilizing temporal continuity to accelerate CNN-based video encoders.

视频编码CNN加速时间连续性稀疏计算

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