arXiv:2410.21163cs.LGstat.ML2024-10被引 2

提出知识图谱嵌入的韧性统一定义,系统梳理现有研究短板。

Resilience in Knowledge Graph Embeddings

  • 构建涵盖泛化、一致性等多维度的韧性统一框架
  • 发现多数研究仅关注鲁棒性,忽视其他关键方面
  • 为未来抗噪声、抗分布偏移等研究指明方向

近年来,知识图谱在信息检索、问答系统、推荐系统等领域广泛应用。大规模知识图谱有效表示结构化知识,而知识图谱嵌入(KGE)模型可将实体与关系映射为向量以支持机器学习应用。然而,这些模型常面临噪声、缺失信息、分布漂移、对抗攻击等问题,导致嵌入质量下降和推理错误,影响下游任务。尽管已有研究集中于对抗攻击,但其他关键韧性问题仍被忽视。本文首次提出韧性统一定义,涵盖泛化能力、性能一致性、分布适应性和鲁棒性等维度,并在知识图谱上下文中形式化这些概念。通过系统综述,我们发现当前工作主要聚焦于鲁棒性,未充分覆盖其他方面。基于此,我们对现有方法按韧性维度分类,分析挑战并提出未来研究方向。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

In recent years, knowledge graphs have gained interest and witnessed widespread applications in various domains, such as information retrieval, question-answering, recommendation systems, amongst others. Large-scale knowledge graphs to this end have demonstrated their utility in effectively representing structured knowledge. To further facilitate the application of machine learning techniques, knowledge graph embedding (KGE) models have been developed. Such models can transform entities and relationships within knowledge graphs into vectors. However, these embedding models often face challenges related to noise, missing information, distribution shift, adversarial attacks, etc. This can lead to sub-optimal embeddings and incorrect inferences, thereby negatively impacting downstream applications. While the existing literature has focused so far on adversarial attacks on KGE models, the challenges related to the other critical aspects remain unexplored. In this paper, we, first of all, give a unified definition of resilience, encompassing several factors such as generalisation, performance consistency, distribution adaption, and robustness. After formalizing these concepts for machine learning in general, we define them in the context of knowledge graphs. To find the gap in the existing works on resilience in the context of knowledge graphs, we perform a systematic survey, taking into account all these aspects mentioned previously. Our survey results show that most of the existing works focus on a specific aspect of resilience, namely robustness. After categorizing such works based on their respective aspects of resilience, we discuss the challenges and future research directions.

知识图谱韧性嵌入模型综述

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