arXiv:2410.21264cs.CVcs.AI2024-10ICLR被引 49

用可学习的自回归先验构建视频分词,提升生成质量与灵活性

LARP: Tokenizing Videos with a Learned Autoregressive Generative Prior

  • 通过学习全局查询整合视觉信息,突破局部块编码局限
  • 在UCF101上达成最优FVD,实现高质量条件视频生成
  • 适合构建统一多模态大模型,支持灵活令牌数量调整

我们提出LARP,一种新型视频分词方法,旨在克服当前自回归生成模型中视频分词方法的局限性。与传统基于局部视觉块的分词方式不同,LARP采用整体式分词策略,利用一组可学习的整体查询聚合视觉内容信息,从而捕捉更全局、更具语义的表征,而非局限于局部块级信息。此外,该方法支持任意数量的离散令牌,可根据任务需求灵活高效地进行分词。为使离散令牌空间适配下游自回归生成任务,LARP在训练时引入一个轻量级自回归变换器作为先验模型,预测其离散潜在空间中的下一个令牌。通过训练阶段的先验建模,LARP学习到不仅优化视频重建,且更利于自回归生成的潜在空间。同时,该过程定义了令牌的序列顺序,在训练过程中逐步推动令牌向最优配置演化,确保推理时生成更流畅、更准确。大量实验表明,LARP在UCF101类别条件视频生成基准上达到领先水平的FVD得分,显著提升了自回归模型与视频的兼容性,并为构建高保真统一多模态大语言模型(MLLMs)提供了可能。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

We present LARP, a novel video tokenizer designed to overcome limitations in current video tokenization methods for autoregressive (AR) generative models. Unlike traditional patchwise tokenizers that directly encode local visual patches into discrete tokens, LARP introduces a holistic tokenization scheme that gathers information from the visual content using a set of learned holistic queries. This design allows LARP to capture more global and semantic representations, rather than being limited to local patch-level information. Furthermore, it offers flexibility by supporting an arbitrary number of discrete tokens, enabling adaptive and efficient tokenization based on the specific requirements of the task. To align the discrete token space with downstream AR generation tasks, LARP integrates a lightweight AR transformer as a training-time prior model that predicts the next token on its discrete latent space. By incorporating the prior model during training, LARP learns a latent space that is not only optimized for video reconstruction but is also structured in a way that is more conducive to autoregressive generation. Moreover, this process defines a sequential order for the discrete tokens, progressively pushing them toward an optimal configuration during training, ensuring smoother and more accurate AR generation at inference time. Comprehensive experiments demonstrate LARP's strong performance, achieving state-of-the-art FVD on the UCF101 class-conditional video generation benchmark. LARP enhances the compatibility of AR models with videos and opens up the potential to build unified high-fidelity multimodal large language models (MLLMs).

视频生成自回归分词方法多模态

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