arXiv:2410.21815cs.LGcs.AI2024-10ICLR被引 3

让黑盒模型自动生成可靠解释,且不损失精度。

Gnothi Seauton: Empowering Faithful Self-Interpretability in Black-Box Transformers

  • 用小型附加网络实现黑盒模型的自我解释
  • 计算开销比传统方法低,解释准确率高
  • 适合需要高效可解释性的研究与应用

可解释人工智能(XAI)中,自解释模型与事后解释方法之间的争论始终存在。自解释模型如基于概念的网络虽能关联决策与人类可理解的概念,但性能和可扩展性受限;而事后方法如Shapley值理论严谨,却计算成本高昂。为弥合这一差距,我们提出一种新方法,结合两者优势,实现黑盒模型的理论保障型自解释,且不牺牲预测精度。具体地,引入轻量级旁路网络AutoGnothi,嵌入黑盒模型中,无需修改原始参数即可生成Shapley值解释。该侧向微调策略显著降低内存、训练与推理开销,优于传统参数高效方法,全量微调仍为最优基线。实验表明,AutoGnothi在视觉与语言任务上均提供精准解释,兼具卓越计算效率与可解释性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

The debate between self-interpretable models and post-hoc explanations for black-box models is central to Explainable AI (XAI). Self-interpretable models, such as concept-based networks, offer insights by connecting decisions to human-understandable concepts but often struggle with performance and scalability. Conversely, post-hoc methods like Shapley values, while theoretically robust, are computationally expensive and resource-intensive. To bridge the gap between these two lines of research, we propose a novel method that combines their strengths, providing theoretically guaranteed self-interpretability for black-box models without compromising prediction accuracy. Specifically, we introduce a parameter-efficient pipeline, AutoGnothi, which integrates a small side network into the black-box model, allowing it to generate Shapley value explanations without changing the original network parameters. This side-tuning approach significantly reduces memory, training, and inference costs, outperforming traditional parameter-efficient methods, where full fine-tuning serves as the optimal baseline. AutoGnothi enables the black-box model to predict and explain its predictions with minimal overhead. Extensive experiments show that AutoGnothi offers accurate explanations for both vision and language tasks, delivering superior computational efficiency with comparable interpretability.

可解释AI黑盒模型Shapley值轻量化

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