arXiv:2410.23089cs.CV2024-10

让视觉编码提前理解提示,提升多模态模型的精准响应

PIP-MM: Pre-Integrating Prompt Information into Visual Encoding via Existing MLLM Structures

  • 将提示信息融入图像编码前阶段,引导特征提取聚焦关键对象
  • 在减少一半视觉标记时仍保持优异生成效果,效率显著提升
  • 仅需添加可训练MLP,适配所有现有多模态大模型

多模态大语言模型(MLLM)通过整合视觉信息激活了大语言模型(LLM)解决视觉-语言任务的能力。现有方法通常使用图像编码器提取视觉特征,经适配器转为视觉标记后与提示一同输入LLM。然而,图像编码过程与提示无关,导致提取的视觉特征仅能粗略描述图像,难以关注提示指定的内容。一方面,图像特征可能缺失提示要求的对象信息,影响回答质量;另一方面,特征中包含大量无关信息,增加内存负担并降低生成效率。为此,我们提出PIP-MM框架,利用现有MLLM中的冻结LLM将输入提示向量化,总结提示需求,再通过训练好的多层感知机(MLP)对齐视觉输入需求,并替换图像编码器中的类别嵌入。该方法仅需添加一个可训练的MLP,可应用于任意现有MLLM。实验在多个基准上验证了其有效性,自动评估和人工评分均显示出色性能。特别值得注意的是,在视觉标记减少50%的情况下,仍保持优秀生成结果。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

The Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have activated the capabilitiesof Large Language Models (LLMs) in solving visual-language tasks by integratingvisual information. The prevailing approach in existing MLLMs involvesemploying an image encoder to extract visual features, converting thesefeatures into visual tokens via an adapter, and then integrating them with theprompt into the LLM. However, because the process of image encoding isprompt-agnostic, the extracted visual features only provide a coarsedescription of the image, impossible to focus on the requirements of theprompt. On one hand, it is easy for image features to lack information aboutthe prompt-specified objects, resulting in unsatisfactory responses. On theother hand, the visual features contain a large amount of irrelevantinformation, which not only increases the burden on memory but also worsens thegeneration effectiveness. To address the aforementioned issues, we propose\textbf{PIP-MM}, a framework that \textbf{P}re-\textbf{I}ntegrates\textbf{P}rompt information into the visual encoding process using existingmodules of MLLMs. Specifically, We utilize the frozen LLM in the MLLM tovectorize the input prompt, which summarizes the requirements of the prompt.Then, we input the prompt vector into our trained Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP)to align with the visual input requirements, and subsequently replace the classembedding in the image encoder. Since our model only requires adding atrainable MLP, it can be applied to any MLLM. To validate the effectiveness ofPIP-MM, we conducted experiments on multiple benchmarks. Automated evaluationmetrics and manual assessments demonstrate the strong performance of PIP-MM.Particularly noteworthy is that our model maintains excellent generationresults even when half of the visual tokens are reduced.

多模态提示工程图像编码高效生成

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