研究机器人何时何地该说多少话,提升人机协作效率
Levels of explanation -- implementation and evaluation of what and when for different time-sensitive tasks
- 设计高低中三级解释层级,调节信息量和时机
- 无时限下高解释层级最减少错误和碰撞,且更受用户欢迎
- 有时间压力时,中高解释层级能显著提升任务表现
本文构建并评估了针对人机交互(HRI)中两个核心问题的解释层级(LOE):1. 机器人应向用户传递什么信息?2. 何时传递?通过定义「冗余度」(高/低)和「解释模式」(动态/静态)两个维度,构建了高、中、低三种解释层级,并在远程医疗模拟任务中进行用户研究。研究对比了有时间限制与无时间限制两种条件下的表现,结果表明:在无时间限制条件下,高解释层级在解释充分性、碰撞数、错误动作数和澄清次数上均最优;而在有时间限制条件下,高与中等层级显著优于低层级,在完成时间、交互流畅度、信任度、碰撞数等方面表现更佳。研究为动态调整机器人解释策略提供了实证依据。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
In this work, we focused on constructing and evaluating levels of explanation(LOE) that address two basic aspect of HRI: 1. What information should be communicated to the user by the robot? 2. When should the robot communicate this information? For constructing the LOE, we defined two terms, verbosity and explanation patterns, each with two levels (verbosity -- high and low, explanation patterns -- dynamic and static). Based on these parameters, three different LOE (high, medium, and low) were constructed and evaluated in a user study with a telepresence robot. The user study was conducted for a simulated telerobotic healthcare task with two different conditions related to time sensitivity, as evaluated by two different user groups -- one that performed the task within a time limit and the other with no time limit. We found that the high LOE was preferred in terms of adequacy of explanation, number of collisions, number of incorrect movements, and number of clarifications when users performed the experiment in the without time limit condition. We also found that both high and medium LOE did not have significant differences in completion time, the fluency of HRI, and trust in the robot. When users performed the experiment in the with time limit condition, high and medium LOE had better task performances and were preferred to the low LOE in terms of completion time, fluency, adequacy of explanation, trust, number of collisions, number of incorrect movements and number of clarifications. Future directions for advancing LOE are discussed.
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