用视觉检测思路定位大模型生成文本片段,精准识别造假内容。
GigaCheck: Detecting LLM-generated Content via Object-Centric Span Localization
- 将生成文本段落视为‘对象’,结合视觉检测模型实现精确定位。
- 在3个分类与3个定位任务中均表现稳健,跨场景通用性强。
- 首次证明视觉检测架构可有效迁移至文本生成内容检测,适合安全与内容审核领域。
随着大语言模型助手质量与普及度的提升,生成内容数量迅速增长,在诸多场景下已难以与人类写作区分,且生成质量持续提高。与此同时,检测方法发展滞后于生成模型,难以有效防范生成式AI的滥用。本文提出GigaCheck,一种双策略框架用于检测生成文本:在文档层面,利用微调后的语言模型表示学习实现高数据效率的作者身份辨识;在片段层面,引入新颖的结构适配,将生成文本段落视为“对象”,通过融合DETR类视觉模型与语言编码器,实现对生成区间的精准定位,成功将视觉目标检测的鲁棒性迁移至文本域。在三个分类与三个定位基准测试中,实验结果验证了该方法的强健性。共享的微调主干网络在两种场景下均表现出色,凸显所学表征的泛化能力。此外,我们成功证明了如DETR等视觉检测架构不仅限于像素空间,能有效推广至生成文本段落的定位任务。为保障可复现性并推动后续研究,代码已公开发布。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
With the increasing quality and spread of LLM assistants, the amount of generated content is growing rapidly. In many cases and tasks, such texts are already indistinguishable from those written by humans, and the quality of generation continues to increase. At the same time, detection methods are advancing more slowly than generation models, making it challenging to prevent misuse of generative AI technologies. We propose GigaCheck, a dual-strategy framework for AI-generated text detection. At the document level, we leverage the representation learning of fine-tuned LLMs to discern authorship with high data efficiency. At the span level, we introduce a novel structural adaptation that treats generated text segments as "objects." By integrating a DETR-like vision model with linguistic encoders, we achieve precise localization of AI intervals, effectively transferring the robustness of visual object detection to the textual domain. Experimental results across three classification and three localization benchmarks confirm the robustness of our approach. The shared fine-tuned backbone delivers strong accuracy in both scenarios, highlighting the generalization power of the learned embeddings. Moreover, we successfully demonstrate that visual detection architectures like DETR are not limited to pixel space, effectively generalizing to the localization of generated text spans. To ensure reproducibility and foster further research, we publicly release our source code.
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