arXiv:2410.24052math.OCcs.LG2024-10被引 1

用注意力模型加速风电运维决策,秒级求解且保证可行。

Attention is All You Need to Optimize Wind Farm Operations and Maintenance

  • 将多头注意力机制嵌入优化模型,直接学习复杂运维决策。
  • 求解时间从小时级缩短至秒级,且满足所有约束条件。
  • 跨场景迁移能力强,适合实际风电场快速部署使用。

运维(O&M)是风能系统中影响可靠性与盈利性的核心问题。优化运维涉及风机故障风险、运营收益与维修人员调度等多重目标的权衡,通常采用大规模混合整数规划(MIP)模型求解,但面临计算耗时长或依赖启发式算法的问题。为此,本文提出一种基于多头注意力(MHA)的新决策框架,创新性地将MIP模型嵌入MHA结构中。所提MHA模型(i)将求解时间从小时级降至秒级;(ii)在复杂约束下保证解的可行性;(iii)相比传统MIP方法显著提升解的质量;(iv)展现出强跨场景迁移能力,适用于不同风电场配置。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Operations and maintenance (O&M) is a fundamental problem in wind energy systems with far reaching implications for reliability and profitability. Optimizing O&M is a multi-faceted decision optimization problem that requires a careful balancing act across turbine level failure risks, operational revenues, and maintenance crew logistics. The resulting O&M problems are typically solved using large-scale mixed integer programming (MIP) models, which yield computationally challenging problems that require either long-solution times, or heuristics to reach a solution. To address this problem, we introduce a novel decision-making framework for wind farm O&M that builds on a multi-head attention (MHA) models, an emerging artificial intelligence methods that are specifically designed to learn in rich and complex problem settings. The development of proposed MHA framework incorporates a number of modeling innovations that allows explicit embedding of MIP models within an MHA structure. The proposed MHA model (i) significantly reduces the solution time from hours to seconds, (ii) guarantees feasibility of the proposed solutions considering complex constraints that are omnipresent in wind farm O&M, (iii) results in significant solution quality compared to the conventional MIP formulations, and (iv) exhibits significant transfer learning capability across different problem settings.

风电运维注意力机制优化算法AI决策

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