arXiv:2410.24071cs.LG2024-10NeurIPS被引 6

发现局部线性是连续强化学习无后悔的关键,提出新算法实现最优性能。

Local Linearity: the Key for No-regret Reinforcement Learning in Continuous MDPs

  • 基于局部线性化构建新型马尔可夫决策过程表示类
  • 新算法Cinderella在连续空间中实现亚线性后悔率
  • 适用于已知可学习且可行的各类连续强化学习问题

在连续状态与动作空间的强化学习环境中实现无后悔性质是该领域的重要开放问题。现有方法或依赖特定假设,或在某些情况下后悔界为平凡值。许多结构假设存在不可避免的指数级时间跨度依赖,导致实际不可行。本文识别出局部线性是使MDP既可学习(亚线性后悔)又可行(多项式后悔于时间跨度H)的关键特征。我们定义了一类新的MDP表示类——局部线性可化MDP,其推广了线性MDP和低内在贝尔曼误差MDP等已有类。首先,我们引入Cinderella算法,实现该类表示下的无后悔学习;其次,证明所有已知可学习且可行的MDP家族均可被此表示类刻画。我们进一步揭示所有已知可行的MDP属于‘温和光滑MDP’家族,并通过适当表示将其转化为局部线性可化形式。因此,Cinderella在所有已知(及部分新)连续MDP上实现了当前最优后悔界。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Achieving the no-regret property for Reinforcement Learning (RL) problems in continuous state and action-space environments is one of the major open problems in the field. Existing solutions either work under very specific assumptions or achieve bounds that are vacuous in some regimes. Furthermore, many structural assumptions are known to suffer from a provably unavoidable exponential dependence on the time horizon $H$ in the regret, which makes any possible solution unfeasible in practice. In this paper, we identify local linearity as the feature that makes Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) both learnable (sublinear regret) and feasible (regret that is polynomial in $H$). We define a novel MDP representation class, namely Locally Linearizable MDPs, generalizing other representation classes like Linear MDPs and MDPS with low inherent Belmman error. Then, i) we introduce Cinderella, a no-regret algorithm for this general representation class, and ii) we show that all known learnable and feasible MDP families are representable in this class. We first show that all known feasible MDPs belong to a family that we call Mildly Smooth MDPs. Then, we show how any mildly smooth MDP can be represented as a Locally Linearizable MDP by an appropriate choice of representation. This way, Cinderella is shown to achieve state-of-the-art regret bounds for all previously known (and some new) continuous MDPs for which RL is learnable and feasible.

强化学习无后悔学习连续控制算法设计

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