用AI生成多样眼高视角车辆图像,解决标注数据少的问题。
AIDOVECL: AI-generated Dataset of Outpainted Vehicles for Eye-level Classification and Localization
- 通过出图技术在裁剪车辆后扩展背景,自动生成带标注的图像。
- 加入数据集后检测性能最高提升10%,小样本类别真阳性提高50%。
- 适合自动驾驶、城市规划等需要多样化车辆数据的研究者使用。
图像标注是计算机视觉发展的关键瓶颈,常因人工标注耗时而限制机器学习性能。本文提出一种新方法,利用出图技术生成人工背景和标注,显著降低标注成本。针对自动驾驶、城市规划与环境监测中眼高视角车辆图像稀缺的难题,构建了包含AI生成车辆图像的数据集:从人工挑选的种子图像中检测并裁剪车辆,再通过出图技术将其置于更大画布上,模拟真实多变场景。生成图像附有详细标注,提供高质量真实标签。采用先进出图技术和图像质量评估确保视觉保真度与上下文相关性。消融实验表明,引入AIDOVECL可使整体检测性能提升约10%,在背景多样性、物体尺度与位置变化更大的场景中提升达约40%,未充分代表类别的真阳性最高提升约50%。该数据集通过扩充真实训练数据,支持跨多种场景的车辆检测评估。研究证明出图可作为自动标注范式,为多个机器学习领域提供低标注成本的细粒度数据集构建方案。代码与数据集链接见https://github.com/amir-kazemi/aidovecl。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Image labeling is a critical bottleneck in the development of computer vision technologies, often constraining machine learning performance due to the time-intensive nature of manual annotations. This work introduces a novel approach that leverages outpainting to mitigate annotated data scarcity by generating artificial contexts and annotations, significantly reducing labeling efforts. We apply this technique to a particularly acute challenge in autonomous driving, urban planning, and environmental monitoring: the lack of diverse, eye-level vehicle images from desired classes. Our dataset comprises AI-generated vehicle images obtained by detecting and cropping vehicles from manually selected seed images, which are then outpainted onto larger canvases to simulate varied real-world conditions. The outpainted images include detailed annotations, providing high-quality ground truth data. Advanced outpainting techniques and image quality assessments ensure visual fidelity and contextual relevance. Ablation results show that incorporating AIDOVECL improves overall detection performance by up to about 10%, and delivers gains of up to about 40% in settings with greater diversity of context, object scale, and placement, with underrepresented classes achieving up to about 50% higher true positives. AIDOVECL enhances vehicle detection by augmenting real training data and supporting evaluation across diverse scenarios. By demonstrating outpainting as an automatic annotation paradigm, it offers a practical and versatile solution for building fine-grained datasets with reduced labeling effort across multiple machine learning domains. The code and links to datasets are available for further research and replication at https://github.com/amir-kazemi/aidovecl.
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