arXiv:2411.00105quant-phcs.LG2024-11被引 7

利用相对论运动设计可通用的量子计算机,通过时空轨迹调控实现量子门操作。

A Universal Quantum Computer From Relativistic Motion

  • 用量子比特的相对论运动参数化单量子比特旋转,通过调节时空轨迹实现控制。
  • 利用量子场中介实现纠缠,获得在任意时空下都适用的通用门集。
  • 证明存在噪声下仍近似保真度的参数区间,适合高精度量子计算研究者。

我们提出一种基于变分量子电路的相对论量子计算架构,可实现通用量子计算。该电路由可调单量子比特旋转和依次执行的纠缠门构成,单比特旋转由量子比特轨迹的固有时区间参数化,可通过调节其在时空中的相对运动进行调控。纠缠层由相对论量子场介导,而非直接耦合。在此框架下,我们给出如何利用量子场中介纠缠与量子比特相对运动调控来构建通用门集的方法,并获得了适用于一般时空的紧凑非微扰表达式。此外,我们推导出信道保真度的下界,表明存在参数区域,使所有纠缠操作在量子场噪声下仍近似单位酉。最后,我们实现了基于相对论量子比特的量子傅里叶变换。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

We present an explicit construction of a relativistic quantum computing architecture using a variational quantum circuit approach that is shown to allow for universal quantum computing. The variational quantum circuit consists of tunable single-qubit rotations and entangling gates that are implemented successively. The single qubit rotations are parameterized by the proper time intervals of the qubits' trajectories and can be tuned by varying their relativistic motion in spacetime. The entangling layer is mediated by a relativistic quantum field instead of through direct coupling between the qubits. Within this setting, we give a prescription for how to use quantum field-mediated entanglement and manipulation of the relativistic motion of qubits to obtain a universal gate set, for which compact non-perturbative expressions that are valid for general spacetimes are also obtained. We also derive a lower bound on the channel fidelity that shows the existence of parameter regimes in which all entangling operations are effectively unitary, despite the noise generated from the presence of a mediating quantum field. Finally, we consider an explicit implementation of the quantum Fourier transform with relativistic qubits.

量子计算相对论量子场变分电路

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