arXiv:2411.01274cs.RO2024-11被引 2

多机器人在未知环境协同导航,通过感知融合提升搜索效率。

Efficient Collaborative Navigation through Perception Fusion for Multi-Robots in Unknown Environments

  • 利用机器人间感知信息融合,动态选择最优探索方向。
  • 相比基础规划器,路径长度平均减少6%~8%,准确率达82%。
  • 适合需要高效协同探索的机器人系统,如搜救、巡检场景。

在未知环境中执行任务时,多机器人系统的实时导航仍面临挑战。本文提出一种新型多机器人协同规划方法,利用各机器人的感知信息智能选择搜索方向,提升规划效率。基于基础规划器确保目标导向探索,引入带有信息增益权重的图注意力架构(GIWT),融合目标机器人及其队友的信息以实现障碍物规避下的有效导航。在GIWT中,对机器人相对位置与感知特征进行区域编码,计算共享注意力得分,并将邻近机器人提供的信息增益作为补充权重。设计专家数据生成方案,模拟真实决策环境以训练网络。仿真与实机测试表明,该方法显著提升效率:在ROS测试中,路径长度分别减少约8%和6%;在真实实验中路径长度减少超6%;且在专家数据集上达到约82%的准确率。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

For tasks conducted in unknown environments with efficiency requirements, real-time navigation of multi-robot systems remains challenging due to unfamiliarity with surroundings.In this paper, we propose a novel multi-robot collaborative planning method that leverages the perception of different robots to intelligently select search directions and improve planning efficiency. Specifically, a foundational planner is employed to ensure reliable exploration towards targets in unknown environments and we introduce Graph Attention Architecture with Information Gain Weight(GIWT) to synthesizes the information from the target robot and its teammates to facilitate effective navigation around obstacles.In GIWT, after regionally encoding the relative positions of the robots along with their perceptual features, we compute the shared attention scores and incorporate the information gain obtained from neighboring robots as a supplementary weight. We design a corresponding expert data generation scheme to simulate real-world decision-making conditions for network training. Simulation experiments and real robot tests demonstrates that the proposed method significantly improves efficiency and enables collaborative planning for multiple robots. Our method achieves approximately 82% accuracy on the expert dataset and reduces the average path length by about 8% and 6% across two types of tasks compared to the fundamental planner in ROS tests, and a path length reduction of over 6% in real-world experiments.

多机器人协同导航感知融合

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