用跨区域云的弹性实例降低AI服务成本,同时保障高可用和低延迟。
SkyServe: Serving AI Models across Regions and Clouds with Spot Instances
- 通过跨区域云部署弹性实例,分散故障风险并动态切换备用资源。
- 平均节省43%成本,资源可用性高于纯按需实例方案。
- 适合追求低成本、高可用性的AI服务部署者,尤其适合大规模推理场景。
近年来人工智能模型爆发式增长,但其在GPU上部署的高昂成本与严苛的服务要求,使得降低服务成本并保障服务质量成为迫切挑战。尽管弹性实例(spot instances)价格大幅优惠,但频繁中断使其难以用于部署模型副本。为此,我们提出一种简单高效的策略SpotHedge:利用不同故障域(如区域与云)中的弹性实例副本,确保服务可用性、降低成本并维持高质量。SpotHedge智能地将弹性副本分布于多个区域与云,提升可用性并减少相关中断;通过适度超额配置廉价弹性实例作为缓冲;当弹性实例不可用时,动态回退至按需实例。我们构建了SkyServe系统,基于SpotHedge在跨区域与云的弹性与按需实例混合环境中高效部署AI模型。在真实AI工作负载上的对比实验表明,相较于研究与生产系统,SkyServe平均降低43%成本,同时保持更高资源可用性;且在P50、P90、P99延迟方面分别平均提升2.3×、2.1×、2.1×。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Recent years have witnessed an explosive growth of AI models. The high cost of hosting AI services on GPUs and their demanding service requirements, make it timely and challenging to lower service costs and guarantee service quality. While spot instances have long been offered with a large discount, spot preemptions have discouraged users from using them to host model replicas when serving AI models. To address this, we propose a simple yet efficient policy, SpotHedge, that leverages spot replicas across different failure domains (e.g., regions and clouds) to ensure availability, lower costs, and high service quality. SpotHedge intelligently spreads spot replicas across different regions and clouds to improve availability and reduce correlated preemptions, overprovisions cheap spot replicas than required as a safeguard against possible preemptions, and dynamically falls back to on-demand replicas when spot replicas become unavailable. We built SkyServe, a system leveraging SpotHedge to efficiently serve AI models over a mixture of spot and on-demand replicas across regions and clouds. We compared SkyServe with both research and production systems on real AI workloads: SkyServe reduces cost by 43% on average while achieving high resource availability compared to using on-demand replicas. Additionally, SkyServe improves P50, P90, and P99 latency by 2.3$\times$, 2.1$\times$, 2.1$\times$ on average compared to other research and production systems.
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