用无监督方法训练强健的去噪网络,提升高加速非笛卡尔MRI重建质量。
Robust plug-and-play methods for highly accelerated non-Cartesian MRI reconstruction
- 通过无监督预处理生成干净的多线圈MRI信号,训练鲁棒去噪网络。
- 提出退火半二次分裂算法,解决传统方法在梯度下降中的不稳定性。
- 适用于高加速成像场景,适合医学影像重建研究人员使用。
在高加速采集率下实现高质量磁共振成像(MRI)重建仍具挑战性,源于逆问题的固有不适定性。传统压缩感知(CS)方法虽对不同采集设置具有鲁棒性,但在加速因子≥8时重建质量下降。深度学习虽提升了重建效果,但纯数据驱动方法易过拟合与产生幻觉,尤其在采集条件变化时。插件式(PnP)方法通过用强大去噪深度神经网络(DNN)替代传统手工设计的先验来缓解上述问题。然而,现有PnP方法因邻近梯度下降(PGD)方案不稳定及缺乏用于训练鲁棒去噪器的标注干净数据集,导致性能受限。本文提出一种全无监督预处理流程,从多线圈数据中生成干净的复数MRI信号,以训练高性能去噪DNN。同时引入退火半二次分裂(HQS)算法,有效缓解不稳定性,显著优于现有PnP方法。结合预条件化技术,本方法达到当前最优水平,为高质量、高鲁棒性的非笛卡尔MRI重建提供了高效解决方案。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Achieving high-quality Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) reconstruction at accelerated acquisition rates remains challenging due to the inherent ill-posed nature of the inverse problem. Traditional Compressed Sensing (CS) methods, while robust across varying acquisition settings, struggle to maintain good reconstruction quality at high acceleration factors ($\ge$ 8). Recent advances in deep learning have improved reconstruction quality, but purely data-driven methods are prone to overfitting and hallucination effects, notably when the acquisition setting is varying. Plug-and-Play (PnP) approaches have been proposed to mitigate the pitfalls of both frameworks. In a nutshell, PnP algorithms amount to replacing suboptimal handcrafted CS priors with powerful denoising deep neural network (DNNs). However, in MRI reconstruction, existing PnP methods often yield suboptimal results due to instabilities in the proximal gradient descent (PGD) schemes and the lack of curated, noiseless datasets for training robust denoisers. In this work, we propose a fully unsupervised preprocessing pipeline to generate clean, noiseless complex MRI signals from multicoil data, enabling training of a high-performance denoising DNN. Furthermore, we introduce an annealed Half-Quadratic Splitting (HQS) algorithm to address the instability issues, leading to significant improvements over existing PnP algorithms. When combined with preconditioning techniques, our approach achieves state-of-the-art results, providing a robust and efficient solution for high-quality MRI reconstruction.
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