构建4.4万词焦虑关联词典，可精准追踪文本中焦虑变化
WorryWords: Norms of Anxiety Association for over 44k English Words
- 人工标注超4.4万英语词的焦虑关联度，可靠性高
- 发现儿童随年龄增长逐步掌握焦虑相关词汇
- 无需复杂模型即可通过词典检测文本焦虑水平
焦虑是人类对潜在负面结果的预期不安，虽常见且有益，但其与身体关系及语言表现仍不明确，尤其在焦虑障碍日益普遍的背景下。本文提出WorryWords，首个大规模手工构建的英语词汇-焦虑关联库，涵盖44,450个英文单词。实验证明该关联具有高度可靠性。利用该词典，研究了焦虑与其他情绪的关系，以及儿童随年龄增长习得焦虑词汇的速率。结果表明，仅用WorryWords即可准确追踪文本流中的焦虑变化。该词典及其百余种语言翻译版本均免费开放（http://saifmohammad.com/worrywords.html），适用于心理学、自然语言处理、公共卫生与社会科学等领域的广泛研究。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Anxiety, the anticipatory unease about a potential negative outcome, is a common and beneficial human emotion. However, there is still much that is not known, such as how anxiety relates to our body and how it manifests in language. This is especially pertinent given the increasing impact of anxiety-related disorders. In this work, we introduce WorryWords, the first large-scale repository of manually derived word--anxiety associations for over 44,450 English words. We show that the anxiety associations are highly reliable. We use WorryWords to study the relationship between anxiety and other emotion constructs, as well as the rate at which children acquire anxiety words with age. Finally, we show that using WorryWords alone, one can accurately track the change of anxiety in streams of text. The lexicon enables a wide variety of anxiety-related research in psychology, NLP, public health, and social sciences. WorryWords (and its translations to over 100 languages) is freely available. http://saifmohammad.com/worrywords.html
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