综述卫星雷达测洪技术，助你快速选对方法应对城市内涝。
Urban Flood Mapping Using Satellite Synthetic Aperture Radar Data: A Review of Characteristics, Approaches and Datasets
- 系统梳理遥感洪水映射的原理与主流算法
- 指出分辨率限制与数据稀缺是当前主要瓶颈
- 适合灾害管理、城市规划及遥感研究者参考
准确掌握城市洪涝范围对于评估建筑损毁、人员伤亡和经济损失至关重要。合成孔径雷达（SAR）因不受天气与光照影响，具备监测城市洪涝的独特优势。然而现有方法繁多，难以针对具体场景选择最优方案，也缺乏清晰的研究方向指引。本文全面回顾了基于SAR数据的城市洪涝测绘研究，总结了洪水在SAR图像中的典型特征，归纳了各类科学方法，并分析其优缺点，为不同应用场景提供选型建议。研究聚焦于SAR数据的空间与时间分辨率局限，强调关键预处理步骤的重要性。同时探讨极化合成孔径雷达（PolSAR）技术潜力与不确定性分析的价值。文中指出，当前缺乏公开可获取的城区洪涝SAR数据集，制约了深度学习等先进方法的发展。通过评估技术成熟度（TRL），识别出关键技术挑战与未来研究方向。最后，探讨了该技术在公共与私营部门的实际应用前景，阐明其社会价值与潜在影响力。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Understanding the extent of urban flooding is crucial for assessing building damage, casualties and economic losses. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) technology offers significant advantages for mapping flooded urban areas due to its ability to collect data regardless weather and solar illumination conditions. However, the wide range of existing methods makes it difficult to choose the best approach for a specific situation and to identify future research directions. Therefore, this study provides a comprehensive review of current research on urban flood mapping using SAR data, summarizing key characteristics of floodwater in SAR images and outlining various approaches from scientific articles. Additionally, we provide a brief overview of the advantages and disadvantages of each method category, along with guidance on selecting the most suitable approach for different scenarios. This study focuses on the challenges and advancements in SAR-based urban flood mapping. It specifically addresses the limitations of spatial and temporal resolution in SAR data and discusses the essential pre-processing steps. Moreover, the article explores the potential benefits of Polarimetric SAR (PolSAR) techniques and uncertainty analysis for future research. Furthermore, it highlights a lack of open-access SAR datasets for urban flood mapping, hindering development in advanced deep learning-based methods. Besides, we evaluated the Technology Readiness Levels (TRLs) of urban flood mapping techniques to identify challenges and future research areas. Finally, the study explores the practical applications of SAR-based urban flood mapping in both the private and public sectors and provides a comprehensive overview of the benefits and potential impact of these methods.
Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品；中文卡片由大模型生成，请以原文为准。