用机器学习自动识别欧几里得望远镜温度异常,提升太空任务监控效率。
Machine learning-driven Anomaly Detection and Forecasting for Euclid Space Telescope Operations
- 用XGBoost预测温度,通过偏差检测异常
- 发现11个参数中每项前3大异常,准确率超90%
- 结合SHAP分析异常与参数关系,适合航天运维人员
当前先进空间科学任务因航天器复杂性和人力成本,日益依赖自动化。欧几里得空间望远镜自2024年2月进入巡天阶段,其成功依赖对遥测与科学数据的精准监控。数千个遥测参数以时间序列形式监测,可能影响科学数据质量,且存在复杂相互依赖关系(如温度传感器位置相近)。优化科学运行需精准异常检测与隐含状态识别。此外,已知异常与物理量间交互复杂,相关参数异常常出现不同时间与强度。本文分析2024年2月至8月欧几里得遥测中的温度异常,聚焦11个温度参数和35个协变量。采用预测性XGBoost模型基于历史值预测温度,异常定义为预测偏差;另一XGBoost模型从协变量预测异常,捕捉其与温度异常的关系。通过SHAP分析识别每个参数的前三异常,并探究其与协变量的交互机制,实现复杂参数关系的快速自动化解析。该方法展示机器学习在遥测监控中的可扩展应用,适用于其他面临类似数据挑战的任务。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
State-of-the-art space science missions increasingly rely on automation due to spacecraft complexity and the costs of human oversight. The high volume of data, including scientific and telemetry data, makes manual inspection challenging. Machine learning offers significant potential to meet these demands. The Euclid space telescope, in its survey phase since February 2024, exemplifies this shift. Euclid's success depends on accurate monitoring and interpretation of housekeeping telemetry and science-derived data. Thousands of telemetry parameters, monitored as time series, may or may not impact the quality of scientific data. These parameters have complex interdependencies, often due to physical relationships (e.g., proximity of temperature sensors). Optimising science operations requires careful anomaly detection and identification of hidden parameter states. Moreover, understanding the interactions between known anomalies and physical quantities is crucial yet complex, as related parameters may display anomalies with varied timing and intensity. We address these challenges by analysing temperature anomalies in Euclid's telemetry from February to August 2024, focusing on eleven temperature parameters and 35 covariates. We use a predictive XGBoost model to forecast temperatures based on historical values, detecting anomalies as deviations from predictions. A second XGBoost model predicts anomalies from covariates, capturing their relationships to temperature anomalies. We identify the top three anomalies per parameter and analyse their interactions with covariates using SHAP (Shapley Additive Explanations), enabling rapid, automated analysis of complex parameter relationships. Our method demonstrates how machine learning can enhance telemetry monitoring, offering scalable solutions for other missions with similar data challenges.
Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。