用卡尔曼滤波建模乐队同步,低成本高效捕捉节奏变化。
A Kalman Filter model for synchronization in musical ensembles
- 基于卡尔曼滤波设计反馈校正模型,动态调整演奏时间
- 在变速情况下仍保持良好同步性能,计算成本低
- 适合研究音乐合奏中的人际时间协调机制
对节奏性听觉线索的运动响应同步是跨物种存在的基本生物现象。尽管不同情境下时间对齐的重要性各异,但精确的时间同步仍是音乐表演的核心目标。演奏者常引入表现性时值变化,这要求对时间与同步有精准控制,尤其在合奏中更为关键,因为有意的表现性处理和意外的时间偏差都会影响整体演出节奏。这引出一个问题:演奏者如何调整自身时间动态以实现合奏同步?本文提出一种基于卡尔曼滤波的新型反馈校正模型,旨在提升对合奏音乐中人际时间协调的理解。该模型在性能上与文献中其他线性校正模型相当,且具备低计算开销优势,尤其在基础速度变化的场景中表现良好。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The synchronization of motor responses to rhythmic auditory cues is a fundamental biological phenomenon observed across various species. While the importance of temporal alignment varies across different contexts, achieving precise temporal synchronization is a prominent goal in musical performances. Musicians often incorporate expressive timing variations, which require precise control over timing and synchronization, particularly in ensemble performance. This is crucial because both deliberate expressive nuances and accidental timing deviations can affect the overall timing of a performance. This discussion prompts the question of how musicians adjust their temporal dynamics to achieve synchronization within an ensemble. This paper introduces a novel feedback correction model based on the Kalman Filter, aimed at improving the understanding of interpersonal timing in ensemble music performances. The proposed model performs similarly to other linear correction models in the literature, with the advantage of low computational cost and good performance even in scenarios where the underlying tempo varies.
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