arXiv:2411.06917cs.LGeess.SP2024-11中稿 · IEEE Internet of T…被引 6

无需标签数据,提升传感器融合在真实环境中的适应能力

Efficient Unsupervised Domain Adaptation Regression for Spatial-Temporal Sensor Fusion

  • 通过图神经网络捕捉时空依赖,用逆Gram矩阵对齐源域与目标域
  • 在空气质量与脑电重建任务中超越现有方法,提升精度达12.7%
  • 适合做环境与生物医学传感系统开发的工程师和研究者

低成本分布式传感器网络在环境与生物医学领域的广泛应用,实现了持续的大规模健康监测。然而,传感器漂移、噪声及校准不足导致的数据质量下降,严重制约了其在真实场景中的可靠性。传统机器学习方法依赖大量特征工程,难以建模时空依赖或适应不同部署条件下的分布偏移。为此,本文提出一种面向回归任务的新颖无监督域适应(UDA)方法。该方法结合时空图神经网络,借鉴Tikhonov正则化思想,对源域与目标域的扰动逆Gram矩阵进行对齐,实现无需目标域标签的高效域自适应。我们在两个真实数据集上验证:空气质量管理与脑电信号重构。实验表明,该方法达到当前最优性能,显著提升模型鲁棒性与可迁移性。代码已开源:https://github.com/EPFL-IMOS/TikUDA。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

The growing deployment of low-cost, distributed sensor networks in environmental and biomedical domains has enabled continuous, large-scale health monitoring. However, these systems often face challenges related to degraded data quality caused by sensor drift, noise, and insufficient calibration -- factors that limit their reliability in real-world applications. Traditional machine learning methods for sensor fusion and calibration rely on extensive feature engineering and struggle to capture spatial-temporal dependencies or adapt to distribution shifts across varying deployment conditions. To address these challenges, we propose a novel unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) method tailored for regression tasks. Our proposed method integrates effectively with Spatial-Temporal Graph Neural Networks and leverages the alignment of perturbed inverse Gram matrices between source and target domains, drawing inspiration from Tikhonov regularization. This approach enables scalable and efficient domain adaptation without requiring labeled data in the target domain. We validate our novel method on real-world datasets from two distinct applications: air quality monitoring and EEG signal reconstruction. Our method achieves state-of-the-art performance which paves the way for more robust and transferable sensor fusion models in both environmental and physiological contexts. Our code is available at https://github.com/EPFL-IMOS/TikUDA.

传感器融合无监督学习图神经网络域适应

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