系统梳理数据市场全链条机制，揭示其价值实现路径
A Survey on Data Markets
- 从数据搜索到定价分配，构建完整交易闭环
- 覆盖隐私安全与多方利益协调等核心挑战
- 适合关注数据要素化、数字经济的政策与研究者
数据是21世纪的新石油。数据交易趋势推动了数据市场的兴起。数据市场是数据买家与卖家之间直接或通过中介进行数据产品（包括数据集和数据衍生品）交换的任何机制，作为协调机制，使定价与分发等功能协同作用，充分挖掘并提升数据价值。本文从数据搜索、数据产品化、数据交易、数据定价、收益分配，以及隐私、安全与信任问题等方面，全面综述这一重要新兴方向。还考察了不同国家与领域的政府政策与产业现状。最后，识别未解挑战，探讨数据市场未来发展可能方向。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Data is the new oil of the 21st century. The growing trend of trading data for greater welfare has led to the emergence of data markets. A data market is any mechanism whereby the exchange of data products including datasets and data derivatives takes place as a result of data buyers and data sellers being in contact with one another, either directly or through mediating agents. It serves as a coordinating mechanism by which several functions, including the pricing and the distribution of data as the most important ones, interact to make the value of data fully exploited and enhanced. In this article, we present a comprehensive survey of this important and emerging direction from the aspects of data search, data productization, data transaction, data pricing, revenue allocation as well as privacy, security, and trust issues. We also investigate the government policies and industry status of data markets across different countries and different domains. Finally, we identify the unresolved challenges and discuss possible future directions for the development of data markets.
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