arXiv:2411.07686eess.SYcs.AI2024-11中稿 · IEEE Design Method…

通过动态切换通信拓扑,提升微电网在攻击下的控制韧性。

Data-Driven Graph Switching for Cyber-Resilient Control in Microgrids

  • 用神经网络检测异常数据,判断是否影响二次控制
  • 自动寻找不引发异常的通信拓扑并强制启用
  • 适合关注微电网安全与抗干扰的工程人员

传统分布式微电网依赖通信网络实现二次控制,易受隐蔽数据完整性攻击(DIAs)威胁,攻击者可通过感染的发射器和中继设备篡改数据,危及系统稳定。本文提出一种基于物理引导的监督式人工神经网络(ANN)框架,通过分析输入测量值是否导致二次控制层异常行为,识别通信层面的网络攻击。一旦检测到异常,系统将遍历可能的生成树拓扑结构,找出不会引发二次控制异常的通信拓扑,并强制应用以保障最大稳定性。通过动态改变通信图结构,该框架消除了二次控制对受损设备输入的依赖,实现无失稳的韧性。多个案例验证了其对虚假数据注入和中继级中间人攻击的鲁棒性。此外,在不同噪声水平和更大规模微电网下也进行了测试,结果表明:在低噪声环境下框架表现稳健;但在高噪声条件下,可扩展性受到一定影响。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Distributed microgrids are conventionally dependent on communication networks to achieve secondary control objectives. This dependence makes them vulnerable to stealth data integrity attacks (DIAs) where adversaries may perform manipulations via infected transmitters and repeaters to jeopardize stability. This paper presents a physics-guided, supervised Artificial Neural Network (ANN)-based framework that identifies communication-level cyberattacks in microgrids by analyzing whether incoming measurements will cause abnormal behavior of the secondary control layer. If abnormalities are detected, an iteration through possible spanning tree graph topologies that can be used to fulfill secondary control objectives is done. Then, a communication network topology that would not create secondary control abnormalities is identified and enforced for maximum stability. By altering the communication graph topology, the framework eliminates the dependence of the secondary control layer on inputs from compromised cyber devices helping it achieve resilience without instability. Several case studies are provided showcasing the robustness of the framework against False Data Injections and repeater-level Man-in-the-Middle attacks. To understand practical feasibility, robustness is also verified against larger microgrid sizes and in the presence of varying noise levels. Our findings indicate that performance can be affected when attempting scalability in the presence of noise. However, the framework operates robustly in low-noise settings.

微电网网络安全控制韧性图切换

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