arXiv:2411.08333cs.CV2024-11被引 4

用自动搜索找到更优的注意力模块,提升模型性能。

SASE: A Searching Architecture for Squeeze and Excitation Operations

  • 通过神经架构搜索在分维空间中自动寻找注意力结构
  • ResNet-50/101 使用后性能超越现有最优注意力模块
  • 首次系统拆分注意力搜索空间,发现新可用操作

近年来,通道与空间注意力模块被广泛用作深度神经网络的补充模块,以增强表征能力且保持低计算开销。多数注意力模块遵循压缩-激励范式。然而,设计此类模块需大量实验和计算资源。神经架构搜索(NAS)可自动化网络设计,减少人工试错。本文提出 SASE——一种针对压缩与激励操作的搜索架构,可在特定搜索空间内自动构建即插即用的注意力块。搜索空间分为四类,分别对应通道或空间维度上的压缩或激励操作,包含现有模块及此前未用于注意力机制的新操作。据我们所知,SASE 是首个将注意力搜索空间细分并探索超出现有模块的方法。在多种视觉任务上进行充分实验验证,结果表明,使用 SASE 模块的 ResNet-50/101 在性能上优于当前最先进的注意力模块。代码已附于补充材料,后续将公开。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

In the past few years, channel-wise and spatial-wise attention blocks have been widely adopted as supplementary modules in deep neural networks, enhancing network representational abilities while introducing low complexity. Most attention modules follow a squeeze-and-excitation paradigm. However, to design such attention modules, requires a substantial amount of experiments and computational resources. Neural Architecture Search (NAS), meanwhile, is able to automate the design of neural networks and spares the numerous experiments required for an optimal architecture. This motivates us to design a search architecture that can automatically find near-optimal attention modules through NAS. We propose SASE, a Searching Architecture for Squeeze and Excitation operations, to form a plug-and-play attention block by searching within certain search space. The search space is separated into 4 different sets, each corresponds to the squeeze or excitation operation along the channel or spatial dimension. Additionally, the search sets include not only existing attention blocks but also other operations that have not been utilized in attention mechanisms before. To the best of our knowledge, SASE is the first attempt to subdivide the attention search space and search for architectures beyond currently known attention modules. The searched attention module is tested with extensive experiments across a range of visual tasks. Experimental results indicate that visual backbone networks (ResNet-50/101) using the SASE attention module achieved the best performance compared to those using the current state-of-the-art attention modules. Codes are included in the supplementary material, and they will be made public later.

注意力机制神经架构搜索视觉模型

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