提出人机协作框架，提升糖尿病诊疗中AI的伦理与可信度。
Framework for developing and evaluating ethical collaboration between expert and machine
- 采用共设计方法，让医生与AI协同决策
- 以1型糖尿病胰岛素管理为例验证框架有效性
- 强调临床可解释性与医生信任，适合医疗AI落地
精准医疗为冠心病、耐药性癫痫及1型糖尿病等高致死率疾病提供了个性化诊断与干预的新路径。通过人工智能（AI）建模个体病理生理差异，实现精准诊疗。然而，当前AI在医疗应用中面临跨中心、跨人群泛化能力差、临床可解释性弱以及伦理决策信任不足等问题。本文提出一种专家引导的多模态AI开发与伦理评估框架，以应对这些挑战。通过1型糖尿病胰岛素管理的案例研究，展示该框架的应用。采用共设计方式，使AI扮演辅助角色，最终诊断或治疗方案由临床专家与AI共同形成，确保伦理考量与医生深度参与。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Precision medicine is a promising approach for accessible disease diagnosis and personalized intervention planning in high-mortality diseases such as coronary artery disease (CAD), drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE), and chronic illnesses like Type 1 diabetes (T1D). By leveraging artificial intelligence (AI), precision medicine tailors diagnosis and treatment solutions to individual patients by explicitly modeling variance in pathophysiology. However, the adoption of AI in medical applications faces significant challenges, including poor generalizability across centers, demographics, and comorbidities, limited explainability in clinical terms, and a lack of trust in ethical decision-making. This paper proposes a framework to develop and ethically evaluate expert-guided multi-modal AI, addressing these challenges in AI integration within precision medicine. We illustrate this framework with case study on insulin management for T1D. To ensure ethical considerations and clinician engagement, we adopt a co-design approach where AI serves an assistive role, with final diagnoses or treatment plans emerging from collaboration between clinicians and AI.
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