用标准地图先验提升道路段感知,显著改善长距识别与拓扑推理。
TopoSD: Topology-Enhanced Lane Segment Perception with SDMap Prior
- 引入标准地图先验,增强鸟瞰图特征对车道几何与拓扑的建模能力。
- 在OpenLane-V2上实现mAP提升6.7,拓扑指标提升9.1,性能领先。
- 适合关注自动驾驶中地图辅助感知与鲁棒性提升的研究者。
自动驾驶系统正减少对高精地图(HDMap)的依赖,转而利用车载传感器在线构建矢量地图。然而,仅靠传感器存在远距离感知受限的问题,类似人类司机需俯视导航图来理解路网结构。为此,我们提出让感知模型学习“看”标准定义地图(SDMap)。通过将SDMap元素编码为神经空间图表示和实例标记,并作为先验信息融入鸟瞰图特征,以改进车道几何与拓扑解码。基于车道段表示框架,模型同步预测车道线、中心线及其拓扑关系。为进一步提升几何预测与拓扑推理能力,采用拓扑引导解码器,利用拓扑与几何特征间的互相关系进行优化。在OpenLane-V2数据集上的大量实验表明,本方法相比现有最优方法在mAP和拓扑指标上分别提升6.7和9.1。分析还显示,加入SDMap噪声增强训练的模型具有更强鲁棒性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Recent advances in autonomous driving systems have shifted towards reducing reliance on high-definition maps (HDMaps) due to the huge costs of annotation and maintenance. Instead, researchers are focusing on online vectorized HDMap construction using on-board sensors. However, sensor-only approaches still face challenges in long-range perception due to the restricted views imposed by the mounting angles of onboard cameras, just as human drivers also rely on bird's-eye-view navigation maps for a comprehensive understanding of road structures. To address these issues, we propose to train the perception model to "see" standard definition maps (SDMaps). We encode SDMap elements into neural spatial map representations and instance tokens, and then incorporate such complementary features as prior information to improve the bird's eye view (BEV) feature for lane geometry and topology decoding. Based on the lane segment representation framework, the model simultaneously predicts lanes, centrelines and their topology. To further enhance the ability of geometry prediction and topology reasoning, we also use a topology-guided decoder to refine the predictions by exploiting the mutual relationships between topological and geometric features. We perform extensive experiments on OpenLane-V2 datasets to validate the proposed method. The results show that our model outperforms state-of-the-art methods by a large margin, with gains of +6.7 and +9.1 on the mAP and topology metrics. Our analysis also reveals that models trained with SDMap noise augmentation exhibit enhanced robustness.
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