RED通过多信息融合提升轨迹表示,显著改善下游任务精度。
RED: Effective Trajectory Representation Learning with Comprehensive Information
- 用道路感知掩码保留关键路径,增强轨迹信息捕获
- 在3个真实数据集上,比最优基线准确率提升超5%
- 适合需要高精度轨迹建模的交通分析场景
轨迹表示学习(TRL)将轨迹映射为向量,用于相似性计算、分类和行程时间估计等下游任务。然而现有方法常因未能充分利用轨迹中的综合信息,导致结果不理想。本文提出自监督的RED框架,有效挖掘多种轨迹信息。整体采用Transformer作为主干模型,通过掩码自编码器(MAE)训练,其中引入道路感知掩码策略,在掩码过程中保留轨迹的关键路径,以保护重要信息。同时,设计时空用户联合嵌入方案,编码输入轨迹的全面特征。训练时采用双目标学习:编码器预测轨迹下一片段,解码器重构完整轨迹。此外,通过修改Transformer注意力机制,建模轨迹的时空相关性。在3个真实数据集上,与9种先进方法对比4项下游任务,RED通常使最优基线准确率提升超过5%。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Trajectory representation learning (TRL) maps trajectories to vectors that can then be used for various downstream tasks, including trajectory similarity computation, trajectory classification, and travel-time estimation. However, existing TRL methods often produce vectors that, when used in downstream tasks, yield insufficiently accurate results. A key reason is that they fail to utilize the comprehensive information encompassed by trajectories. We propose a self-supervised TRL framework, called RED, which effectively exploits multiple types of trajectory information. Overall, RED adopts the Transformer as the backbone model and masks the constituting paths in trajectories to train a masked autoencoder (MAE). In particular, RED considers the moving patterns of trajectories by employing a Road-aware masking strategy} that retains key paths of trajectories during masking, thereby preserving crucial information of the trajectories. RED also adopts a spatial-temporal-user joint Embedding scheme to encode comprehensive information when preparing the trajectories as model inputs. To conduct training, RED adopts Dual-objective task learning}: the Transformer encoder predicts the next segment in a trajectory, and the Transformer decoder reconstructs the entire trajectory. RED also considers the spatial-temporal correlations of trajectories by modifying the attention mechanism of the Transformer. We compare RED with 9 state-of-the-art TRL methods for 4 downstream tasks on 3 real-world datasets, finding that RED can usually improve the accuracy of the best-performing baseline by over 5%.
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