穿戴肩部外骨骼可降低肩部肌肉神经激活，但不改变主要协同模式。
Effects of Muscle Synergy during Overhead Work with a Passive Shoulder Exoskeleton: A Case Study
- 通过非负矩阵分解分析肌电图，提取肌肉协同模式。
- 外骨骼使第一协同的激活强度、募集水平和持续时间显著下降。
- 虽协同数量不变，但肌电分布更分散，适合人机协作研究者参考。
目的：肩部外骨骼可有效辅助高空作业，但其对肌肉协同的影响尚不明确。本研究系统探究外骨骼在高空作业中对肌肉协同的作用。方法：招募8名男性参与者，在有（干预）和无（正常）外骨骼条件下完成拧螺丝任务。监测8块肌肉，采用非负矩阵分解与肌电拓扑图提取肌肉协同。结果：两种条件下提取的协同数量相同（n=2）。第一协同在两组中完全一致，主要权重集中在胸大肌（AD）和三角肌（MD）；第二协同则不同，分别以胸小肌（PM）和三角肌（MD）为主。干预条件下第一协同的激活特征显著降低，平均募集水平和激活时长均显著下降（p<0.05）。协同变化对协同稀疏性无影响（p=0.7341）。拓扑图显示均值显著降低（p<0.001），熵值显著升高（p<0.01）。结论：外骨骼未改变协同数量及主要协同模式，但可能诱导新协同，显著降低神经激活，并影响肌肉激活分布的异质性。意义：为理解外骨骼辅助高空作业的潜在机制提供依据，有助于优化外骨骼性能。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Objective: Shoulder exoskeletons can effectively assist with overhead work. However, their impacts on muscle synergy remain unclear. The objective is to systematically investigate the effects of the shoulder exoskeleton on muscle synergies during overhead work.Methods: Eight male participants were recruited to perform a screwing task both with (Intervention) and without (Normal) the exoskeleton. Eight muscles were monitored and muscle synergies were extracted using non-negative matrix factorization and electromyographic topographic maps. Results: The number of synergies extracted was the same (n = 2) in both conditions. Specifically, the first synergies in both conditions were identical, with the highest weight of AD and MD; while the second synergies were different between conditions, with highest weight of PM and MD, respectively. As for the first synergy in the Intervention condition, the activation profile significantly decreased, and the average recruitment level and activation duration were significantly lower (p<0.05). The regression analysis for the muscle synergies across conditions shows the changes of muscle synergies did not influence the sparseness of muscle synergies (p=0.7341). In the topographic maps, the mean value exhibited a significant decrease (p<0.001) and the entropy significantly increased (p<0.01). Conclusion: The exoskeleton does not alter the number of synergies and existing major synergies but may induce new synergies. It can also significantly decrease neural activation and may influence the heterogeneity of the distribution of monitored muscle activations. Significance: This study provides insights into the potential mechanisms of exoskeleton-assisted overhead work and guidance on improving the performance of exoskeletons.
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