arXiv:2411.16063cs.LGcs.NA2024-11被引 26

用视觉模型提升流体预测效率,支持不规则采样且无需重训。

VICON: Vision In-Context Operator Networks for Multi-Physics Fluid Dynamics Prediction

  • 将视觉变换器引入上下文算子网络,按图像块处理二维数据
  • 在三个流体基准上误差降低超44%,推理速度提升近2倍
  • 适合真实场景中采样不规则或丢帧的部署需求

上下文算子网络(ICONs)已证明可在少量样本下学习多种偏微分方程的映射关系。然而,现有方法将每个空间点视为独立标记,难以高效处理高维密集数据。我们提出视觉上下文算子网络(VICON),融合视觉变压器架构,通过分块操作高效处理二维数据,同时保持对多物理系统和不同时间步长的适应性。在三个流体动力学基准上,VICON显著优于当前最优基线方法DPOT和MPP:相比前者平均末步滚动误差降低37.9%,相比后者降低44.7%,推理时间仅需其72.5%和34.8%。VICON天然支持可变时间步长的灵活滚动策略,可直接部署于采样频率不一或帧丢失的现实测量系统中,无需重训练或插值。在真实场景下,其性能仅下降24.41%,远优于基线方法71.37%-74.49%的退化程度,展现强大实用性。代码与数据处理脚本已公开于https://github.com/Eydcao/VICON。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

In-Context Operator Networks (ICONs) have demonstrated the ability to learn operators across diverse partial differential equations using few-shot, in-context learning. However, existing ICONs process each spatial point as an individual token, severely limiting computational efficiency when handling dense data in higher spatial dimensions. We propose Vision In-Context Operator Networks (VICON), which integrates vision transformer architectures to efficiently process 2D data through patch-wise operations while preserving ICON's adaptability to multiphysics systems and varying timesteps. Evaluated across three fluid dynamics benchmarks, VICON significantly outperforms state-of-the-art baselines: DPOT and MPP, reducing the averaged last-step rollout error by 37.9% compared to DPOT and 44.7% compared to MPP, while requiring only 72.5% and 34.8% of their respective inference times. VICON naturally supports flexible rollout strategies with varying timestep strides, enabling immediate deployment in imperfect measurement systems where sampling frequencies may differ or frames might be dropped - common challenges in real-world settings - without requiring retraining or interpolation. In these realistic scenarios, VICON exhibits remarkable robustness, experiencing only 24.41% relative performance degradation compared to 71.37%-74.49% degradation in baseline methods, demonstrating its versatility for deploying in realistic applications. Our scripts for processing datasets and code are publicly available at https://github.com/Eydcao/VICON.

流体模拟视觉变换器少样本学习实时部署

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