提出首个真实工业场景点云补全数据集,揭示现有方法在现实环境中的失效问题。
Revisiting Point Cloud Completion: Are We Ready For The Real-World?
- 引入拓扑先验提升补全质量,用0维持久同调特征建模整体结构骨架。
- 新数据集RealPC含4万对点云,覆盖21类铁路工业结构,具丰富拓扑特征。
- 设计BOSHNet网络,无需计算同调,通过采样代理骨架快速获得拓扑优势。
在受限、挑战性、非受控及多传感器的真实世界环境下获取的点云通常存在噪声、不完整和稀疏分布不均的问题,严重挑战点云补全任务。本文利用代数拓扑与持久同调(PH)工具发现,当前基准数据集缺乏真实环境中固有的丰富拓扑特征。为此,我们构建了首个面向点云补全的真实工业数据集RealPC,包含约40,000对样本,覆盖21类铁路设施结构。在多个强基线模型上的基准测试表明,现有方法在真实场景下表现显著下降。我们发现:与现有数据集不同,RealPC包含丰富的0维与1维持久同调特征。进一步证明,将这些拓扑先验融入现有方法可有效提升补全效果。其中,0维持久同调先验能提取完整形状的3D骨架,引导模型生成拓扑一致的补全结果。为避免昂贵的同调计算,我们提出BOSHNet——一种基于同调采样器的轻量网络,通过预先采样代理骨架替代传统同调计算,在训练初期即提供类似0维PH的拓扑指导,优于依赖后期收敛的同类方法。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Point clouds acquired in constrained, challenging, uncontrolled, and multi-sensor real-world settings are noisy, incomplete, and non-uniformly sparse. This presents acute challenges for the vital task of point cloud completion. Using tools from Algebraic Topology and Persistent Homology (PH), we demonstrate that current benchmark object point clouds lack rich topological features that are integral part of point clouds captured in realistic environments. To facilitate research in this direction, we contribute the first real-world industrial dataset for point cloud completion, RealPC - a diverse, rich and varied set of point clouds. It consists of ~ 40,000 pairs across 21 categories of industrial structures in railway establishments. Benchmark results on several strong baselines reveal that existing methods fail in real-world scenarios. We discover a striking observation - unlike current datasets, RealPC consists of multiple 0- and 1-dimensional PH-based topological features. We prove that integrating these topological priors into existing works helps improve completion. We present how 0-dimensional PH priors extract the global topology of a complete shape in the form of a 3D skeleton and assist a model in generating topologically consistent complete shapes. Since computing Homology is expensive, we present a simple, yet effective Homology Sampler guided network, BOSHNet that bypasses the Homology computation by sampling proxy backbones akin to 0-dim PH. These backbones provide similar benefits of 0-dim PH right from the start of the training, unlike similar methods where accurate backbones are obtained only during later phases of the training.
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