用视觉语言模型优化无线感知下的机器人路径规划,兼顾信号质量与路程长短。
SCoTT: Strategic Chain-of-Thought Tasking for Wireless-Aware Robot Navigation in Digital Twins
- 基于数字孪生的无线热图与光线追踪数据,用提示工程分解搜索任务
- 路径增益接近最优算法(仅差2%),且轨迹更短,提速超62%
- 适配小模型低延迟部署,支持真实场景仿真与6G应用
在无线性能约束下进行路径规划是机器人导航中的复杂挑战。将此类约束直接嵌入经典规划算法常导致高昂的搜索开销。本文提出SCoTT框架,利用视觉语言模型(VLMs)结合数字孪生(DT)提供的无线热图和光线追踪数据,协同优化平均路径增益与轨迹长度。核心是战略思维链任务(SCoTT)提示范式,将耗时的全局搜索问题分解为结构化子任务,每项通过思维链提示求解。为建立强基线,对比了经典A*及其无线增强版,并推导出最优但计算成本高的迭代动态规划算法DP-WA*,其整合了所有路径增益与距离度量。大量实验表明,SCoTT在路径增益上仅比DP-WA*低2%,同时生成更短轨迹;其中间输出可显著缩小DP-WA*搜索空间,最高节省62%执行时间。在四种VLM上验证有效,适用于大、小模型,具备低推理成本优势。进一步在Gazebo仿真中以ROS节点部署验证实用性。最后讨论6G数字孪生中数据采集、算力需求与模型部署策略,强调自然语言接口在真实场景无线导航中的潜力。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Path planning under wireless performance constraints is a complex challenge in robot navigation. However, naively incorporating such constraints into classical planning algorithms often incurs prohibitive search costs. In this paper, we propose SCoTT, a wireless-aware path planning framework that leverages vision-language models (VLMs) to co-optimize average path gains and trajectory length using wireless heatmap images and ray-tracing data from a digital twin (DT). At the core of our framework is Strategic Chain-of-Thought Tasking (SCoTT), a novel prompting paradigm that decomposes the exhaustive search problem into structured subtasks, each solved via chain-of-thought prompting. To establish strong baselines, we compare classical A* and wireless-aware extensions of it, and derive DP-WA*, an optimal, iterative dynamic programming algorithm that incorporates all path gains and distance metrics from the DT, but at significant computational cost. In extensive experiments, we show that SCoTT achieves path gains within 2% of DP-WA* while consistently generating shorter trajectories. Moreover, SCoTT's intermediate outputs can be used to accelerate DP-WA* by reducing its search space, saving up to 62% in execution time. We validate our framework using four VLMs, demonstrating effectiveness across both large and small models, thus making it applicable to a wide range of compact models at low inference cost. We also show the practical viability of our approach by deploying SCoTT as a ROS node within Gazebo simulations. Finally, we discuss data acquisition pipelines, compute requirements, and deployment considerations for VLMs in 6G-enabled DTs, underscoring the potential of natural language interfaces for wireless-aware navigation in real-world applications.
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