用AI评估建筑与城市美感，基于15项生命结构特征
Beautimeter: Harnessing GPT for Assessing Architectural and Urban Beauty based on the 15 Properties of Living Structure
- 基于亚历山大15项生命结构属性，用GPT分析空间美感
- 在建筑、城市、地毯等多类图像上验证有效，可量化美学特质
- 适合建筑师与规划者提升设计的人性化与共鸣感
Beautimeter 是一款基于生成式预训练变换器（GPT）技术的新型工具，用于评估建筑与城市美学。该工具根植于克里斯托弗·亚历山大的“中心”理论，认为所有环境都以不同程度具备内在的生命感。亚历山大提出15项基本属性，如尺度层次和厚边界，用以刻画生命结构，Beautimeter 以此为基础进行分析。通过结合 GPT 的自然语言处理能力，该工具评估建筑或城市空间体现这15项属性的程度，实现对美学品质的精细化判断。利用 ChatGPT，用户可获得关于空间感知美感与整体一致性的洞见。我们开展了系列案例研究，评估了建筑与城市环境、地毯、绘画及其他艺术作品的图像。结果表明，Beautimeter 在多种情境下均能有效分析美学特征。研究显示，借助 GPT 技术，Beautimeter 为建筑师、城市规划师与设计师提供了一种强大工具，助力创造与人产生深层共鸣的空间。本文还探讨了该技术对建筑设计与评估的影响，强调其在优化设计流程与环境评价方面的潜力。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Beautimeter is a new tool powered by generative pre-trained transformer (GPT) technology, designed to evaluate architectural and urban beauty. Rooted in Christopher Alexander's theory of centers, this work builds on the idea that all environments possess, to varying degrees, an innate sense of life. Alexander identified 15 fundamental properties, such as levels of scale and thick boundaries, that characterize living structure, which Beautimeter uses as a basis for its analysis. By integrating GPT's advanced natural language processing capabilities, Beautimeter assesses the extent to which a structure embodies these 15 properties, enabling a nuanced evaluation of architectural and urban aesthetics. Using ChatGPT, the tool helps users generate insights into the perceived beauty and coherence of spaces. We conducted a series of case studies, evaluating images of architectural and urban environments, as well as carpets, paintings, and other artifacts. The results demonstrate Beautimeter's effectiveness in analyzing aesthetic qualities across diverse contexts. Our findings suggest that by leveraging GPT technology, Beautimeter offers architects, urban planners, and designers a powerful tool to create spaces that resonate deeply with people. This paper also explores the implications of such technology for architecture and urban design, highlighting its potential to enhance both the design process and the assessment of built environments. Keywords: Living structure, structural beauty, Christopher Alexander, AI in Design, human centered design
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