arXiv:2412.00100cs.CVcs.LG2024-12被引 40

无需训练即可控制图像生成,速度更快、内存更省。

Steering Rectified Flow Models in the Vector Field for Controlled Image Generation

  • 直接操控向量场引导生成路径,免去反向传播和迭代优化
  • 在图像编辑、逆问题求解等任务上超越现有方法,速度提升3倍以上
  • 适合希望快速部署可控生成模型的研究者和开发者

扩散模型(DMs)在逼真图像生成、图像编辑和逆问题求解方面表现优异,得益于无分类器引导和图像反演技术。然而,修正流模型(RFMs)在这些任务中仍缺乏探索。现有基于DM的方法常需额外训练,难以泛化至预训练潜在模型,性能较差,且因大量通过微分方程求解器的反向传播和反演过程而消耗巨大算力。本文首次从理论与实证层面揭示了RFM向量场动态特性,发现可实现确定性、无梯度的轨迹导航。基于此,我们提出FlowChef框架,利用向量场直接引导去噪路径,实现无需额外训练、反演或密集反向传播的统一可控图像生成。在多项任务中,该方法显著优于基线,在性能、内存与时间开销上均达到新纪录。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Diffusion models (DMs) excel in photorealism, image editing, and solving inverse problems, aided by classifier-free guidance and image inversion techniques. However, rectified flow models (RFMs) remain underexplored for these tasks. Existing DM-based methods often require additional training, lack generalization to pretrained latent models, underperform, and demand significant computational resources due to extensive backpropagation through ODE solvers and inversion processes. In this work, we first develop a theoretical and empirical understanding of the vector field dynamics of RFMs in efficiently guiding the denoising trajectory. Our findings reveal that we can navigate the vector field in a deterministic and gradient-free manner. Utilizing this property, we propose FlowChef, which leverages the vector field to steer the denoising trajectory for controlled image generation tasks, facilitated by gradient skipping. FlowChef is a unified framework for controlled image generation that, for the first time, simultaneously addresses classifier guidance, linear inverse problems, and image editing without the need for extra training, inversion, or intensive backpropagation. Finally, we perform extensive evaluations and show that FlowChef significantly outperforms baselines in terms of performance, memory, and time requirements, achieving new state-of-the-art results. Project Page: \url{https://flowchef.github.io}.

图像生成向量场可控生成高效推理

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