Orthus用统一自回归框架生成图文混排内容,效果超越现有模型。
Orthus: Autoregressive Interleaved Image-Text Generation with Modality-Specific Heads

- 采用模态专用头设计,分别处理文本离散令牌与图像连续特征。
- 7B参数模型在GenEval上达0.58分,MME-P达1265.8,优于Show-o和Chameleon。
- 适合需要复杂图文混合生成的场景,如多模态内容创作。
我们提出Orthus,一种自回归(AR)Transformer,在给定文本提示生成图像、基于视觉输入回答问题以及生成长篇图文交错内容方面表现卓越。与以往统一多模态建模方法不同,Orthus在自回归框架下同时处理离散文本标记与连续图像特征。对视觉信号的连续建模有效减少图像理解与生成中的信息损失,而完全自回归的结构使模态间关联更易刻画。核心机制在于其模态专用头:一个标准语言建模范头预测离散文本标记,一个扩散头则基于主干输出生成连续图像特征。我们设计了一种高效构建策略——将现有统一自回归模型中的向量量化(VQ)操作替换为软替代方案,引入扩散头,并通过微调模块实现图像重建,可在仅72个A100 GPU小时内轻松构建Orthus-base模型。该模型可进一步进行后训练以更好建模图文交错内容。实验证明,Orthus在标准基准上超越对比基线,使用7B参数时,GenEval得分为0.58,MME-P得分为1265.8。此外,Orthus展现出出色的混合模态生成能力,体现了处理复杂实际生成任务的潜力。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We introduce Orthus, an autoregressive (AR) transformer that excels in generating images given textual prompts, answering questions based on visual inputs, and even crafting lengthy image-text interleaved contents. Unlike prior arts on unified multimodal modeling, Orthus simultaneously copes with discrete text tokens and continuous image features under the AR modeling principle. The continuous treatment of visual signals minimizes the information loss for both image understanding and generation while the fully AR formulation renders the characterization of the correlation between modalities straightforward. The key mechanism enabling Orthus to leverage these advantages lies in its modality-specific heads -- one regular language modeling (LM) head predicts discrete text tokens and one diffusion head generates continuous image features conditioning on the output of the backbone. We devise an efficient strategy for building Orthus -- by substituting the Vector Quantization (VQ) operation in the existing unified AR model with a soft alternative, introducing a diffusion head, and tuning the added modules to reconstruct images, we can create an Orthus-base model effortlessly (e.g., within mere 72 A100 GPU hours). Orthus-base can further embrace post-training to better model interleaved images and texts. Empirically, Orthus surpasses competing baselines including Show-o and Chameleon across standard benchmarks, achieving a GenEval score of 0.58 and an MME-P score of 1265.8 using 7B parameters. Orthus also shows exceptional mixed-modality generation capabilities, reflecting the potential for handling intricate practical generation tasks.
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