arXiv:2412.00162cs.ROcs.LG2024-12被引 9

用动态高阶安全约束+扩散模型,让自动驾驶在无信号交叉口更安全高效。

Dynamic High-Order Control Barrier Functions with Diffuser for Safety-Critical Trajectory Planning at Signal-Free Intersections

  • 融合动态高阶安全约束与扩散模型,实现多任务驾驶行为学习。
  • 在复杂场景中保持安全,轨迹偏差小,适应周围车辆动态变化。
  • 适合研究自动驾驶决策与安全控制的工程师和学者。

在无信号交叉口规划安全且高效的行驶轨迹对自动驾驶车辆(AV)构成重大挑战,尤其在动态、多任务环境中存在不可预测交互和冲突风险。本文提出一种统一、鲁棒、自适应框架,确保左转、右转和直行三种典型行驶动作的安全性与效率。所提方法结合动态高阶控制屏障函数(DHOCBF)与基于扩散的模型——动态安全关键扩散器(DSC-Diffuser),通过任务引导规划提升效率,可从真实专家示范中同时学习多种驾驶任务。目标导向约束显著降低轨迹位移误差,实现精准执行。为应对动态环境中的安全性挑战,该框架能动态调整以适应周边车辆运动,相比传统控制屏障函数更具适应性且保守性更低。数值仿真验证表明,该方法在障碍物速度、尺寸、不确定性及位置变化下均表现出强鲁棒性,有效保障复杂不确定场景下的行车安全。综合性能评估显示,DSC-Diffuser 能生成现实、稳定且可泛化的策略,在复杂多任务驾驶场景中兼具灵活性与可靠安全保障。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Planning safe and efficient trajectories through signal-free intersections presents significant challenges for autonomous vehicles (AVs), particularly in dynamic, multi-task environments with unpredictable interactions and an increased possibility of conflicts. This study aims to address these challenges by developing a unified, robust, adaptive framework to ensure safety and efficiency across three distinct intersection movements: left-turn, right-turn, and straight-ahead. Existing methods often struggle to reliably ensure safety and effectively learn multi-task behaviors from demonstrations in such environments. This study proposes a safety-critical planning method that integrates Dynamic High-Order Control Barrier Functions (DHOCBF) with a diffusion-based model, called Dynamic Safety-Critical Diffuser (DSC-Diffuser). The DSC-Diffuser leverages task-guided planning to enhance efficiency, allowing the simultaneous learning of multiple driving tasks from real-world expert demonstrations. Moreover, the incorporation of goal-oriented constraints significantly reduces displacement errors, ensuring precise trajectory execution. To further ensure driving safety in dynamic environments, the proposed DHOCBF framework dynamically adjusts to account for the movements of surrounding vehicles, offering enhanced adaptability and reduce the conservatism compared to traditional control barrier functions. Validity evaluations of DHOCBF, conducted through numerical simulations, demonstrate its robustness in adapting to variations in obstacle velocities, sizes, uncertainties, and locations, effectively maintaining driving safety across a wide range of complex and uncertain scenarios. Comprehensive performance evaluations demonstrate that DSC-Diffuser generates realistic, stable, and generalizable policies, providing flexibility and reliable safety assurance in complex multi-task driving scenarios.

自动驾驶安全控制扩散模型轨迹规划

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