arXiv:2412.00324cs.DBcs.IR2024-12中稿 · VLDB Journal被引 5

解决数据湖中多表整合的三重难题:判断可合并性、发现可合并集合、化解多行冲突。

Table Integration in Data Lakes Unleashed: Pairwise Integrability Judgment, Integrable Set Discovery, and Multi-Tuple Conflict Resolution

  • 用自监督对抗对比学习生成训练数据,判断两行是否可合并。
  • 将可合并行视为紧密连接的社区,用图聚类算法发现所有可合并集合。
  • 利用大模型上下文学习能力化解多行冲突,无需大量标注数据。

表整合旨在通过合并包含相关信息的元组来构建完整表格。本文研究数据湖中多表整合的三大核心任务:1)成对可合并性判断,即判定一对元组是否可合并,考虑语义等价或拼写错误;2)可合并集合发现,基于第一阶段的成对判断结果,识别表中所有可合并集合;3)多元组冲突消解,解决整合过程中多个元组间的冲突。为此,我们训练一个二分类器处理成对可合并性判断。针对数据湖中标签数据稀缺的问题,提出一种自监督对抗对比学习算法,结合数据增强与对抗样本,自主生成新训练数据。在成对可合并性判断的基础上,每个可合并集合被视为一个社区(即节点为元组、边为可合并关系的密集子图),采用多种社区检测算法实现可合并集合发现。针对多元组冲突消解,引入创新的上下文学习方法,利用大语言模型(LLMs)内嵌知识有效化解整合时的冲突。该方法显著减少对标注数据的需求,特别适用于标注数据匮乏的场景。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Table integration aims to create a comprehensive table by consolidating tuples containing relevant information. In this work, we investigate the challenge of integrating multiple tables from a data lake, focusing on three core tasks: 1) pairwise integrability judgment, which determines whether a tuple pair is integrable, accounting for any occurrences of semantic equivalence or typographical errors; 2) integrable set discovery, which identifies all integrable sets in a table based on pairwise integrability judgments established in the first task; 3) multi-tuple conflict resolution, which resolves conflicts between multiple tuples during integration. To this end, we train a binary classifier to address the task of pairwise integrability judgment. Given the scarcity of labeled data in data lakes, we propose a self-supervised adversarial contrastive learning algorithm to perform classification, which incorporates data augmentation methods and adversarial examples to autonomously generate new training data. Upon the output of pairwise integrability judgment, each integrable set can be considered as a community, a densely connected sub-graph where nodes and edges correspond to tuples in the table and their pairwise integrability respectively, we proceed to investigate various community detection algorithms to address the integrable set discovery objective. Moving forward to tackle multi-tuple conflict resolution, we introduce an innovative in-context learning methodology. This approach capitalizes on the knowledge embedded within large language models (LLMs) to effectively resolve conflicts that arise when integrating multiple tuples. Notably, our method minimizes the need for annotated data, making it particularly suited for scenarios where labeled datasets are scarce.

表整合数据湖大模型冲突消解

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