arXiv:2412.00363eess.SYcs.RO2024-12被引 1

用神经网络集成学习预测船舶航行动作,还能判断不确定性。

Probabilistic Prediction of Ship Maneuvering Motion using Ensemble Learning with Feedforward Neural Networks

  • 用前馈神经网络+集成学习建模船舶运动,不依赖先验知识。
  • 训练数据分布相似时精度高,偏离时能准确提示不确定性。
  • 适合用于评估自动舵控制性能,尤其在未知场景下更可靠。

在自主水面船(MASS)领域,精确建模港口操作中的船舶机动运动是关键技术。非参数系统辨识(SI)方法无需目标船舶的先验知识,仅通过观测数据即可生成精准的机动模型,但其建模精度高度依赖数据分布。为此,本文提出一种基于前馈神经网络的非参数SI集成学习概率预测方法,可捕捉因数据不足或分布不均导致的内生不确定性。实验表明,在仅使用港口航行数据训练的情况下,该方法对港口航行、回旋、转向及随机控制等未知场景均具备良好预测精度与不确定性估计能力。同时,该方法作为机动仿真器,用于评估航向保持的PD控制性能,结果表明考虑最坏情况能避免对真实系统性能的高估。最后,方法在实船数据上验证成功,证明其适用于全尺寸船舶。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

In the field of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS), the accurate modeling of ship maneuvering motion for harbor maneuvers is a crucial technology. Non-parametric system identification (SI) methods, which do not require prior knowledge of the target ship, have the potential to produce accurate maneuvering models using observed data. However, the modeling accuracy significantly depends on the distribution of the available data. To address these issues, we propose a probabilistic prediction method of maneuvering motion that incorporates ensemble learning into a non-parametric SI using feedforward neural networks. This approach captures the epistemic uncertainty caused by insufficient or unevenly distributed data. In this paper, we show the prediction accuracy and uncertainty prediction results for various unknown scenarios, including port navigation, zigzag, turning, and random control maneuvers, assuming that only port navigation data is available. Furthermore, this paper demonstrates the utility of the proposed method as a maneuvering simulator for assessing heading-keeping PD control. As a result, it was confirmed that the proposed method can achieve high accuracy if training data with similar state distributions is provided, and that it can also predict high uncertainty for states that deviate from the training data distribution. In the performance evaluation of PD control, it was confirmed that considering worst-case scenarios reduces the possibility of overestimating performance compared to the true system. Finally, we show the results of applying the proposed method to full-scale ship data, demonstrating its applicability to full-scale ships.

船舶智能概率预测神经网络不确定性

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