用持续预训练提升搜索相关性,让大模型更懂电商场景
CPRM: A LLM-based Continual Pre-training Framework for Relevance Modeling in Commercial Search

- 联合查询与多字段商品信息进行联合预训练
- 通过上下文预训练增强模型对相关性的理解能力
- 自动生成商品摘要和背景查询,补充领域知识
查询与商品之间的相关性建模是商业搜索引擎的核心环节,直接影响用户体验。尽管大语言模型(LLM)在多种自然语言处理任务中表现优异,但在工业搜索系统中仍存在领域知识不足、未充分利用上下文学习能力的问题。同时,结构化商品文本使用不充分,且缺乏对应的查询与背景知识。为此,我们提出CPRM(持续预训练相关性建模框架),包含三个模块:1)联合使用查询与多字段商品信息进行联合预训练,增强领域知识;2)引入一种新型上下文预训练方法,使模型在相关查询或商品序列上进行预训练;3)对商品内容进行阅读理解,生成摘要及相关查询等背景信息,进一步丰富模型知识。离线实验与线上A/B测试结果表明,该模型性能显著优于多个强基线。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Relevance modeling between queries and items stands as a pivotal component in commercial search engines, directly affecting the user experience. Given the remarkable achievements of large language models (LLMs) in various natural language processing (NLP) tasks, LLM-based relevance modeling is gradually being adopted within industrial search systems. Nevertheless, foundational LLMs lack domain-specific knowledge and do not fully exploit the potential of in-context learning. Furthermore, structured item text remains underutilized, and there is a shortage in the supply of corresponding queries and background knowledge. We thereby propose CPRM (Continual Pre-training for Relevance Modeling), a framework designed for the continual pre-training of LLMs to address these issues. Our CPRM framework includes three modules: 1) employing both queries and multi-field item to jointly pre-train for enhancing domain knowledge, 2) applying in-context pre-training, a novel approach where LLMs are pre-trained on a sequence of related queries or items, and 3) conducting reading comprehension on items to produce associated domain knowledge and background information (e.g., generating summaries and corresponding queries) to further strengthen LLMs. Results on offline experiments and online A/B testing demonstrate that our model achieves convincing performance compared to strong baselines.
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