基于三维建筑数据，全球评估屋顶与立面光伏潜力差异。
Global Estimation of Building-Integrated Facade and Rooftop Photovoltaic Potential by Integrating 3D Building Footprint and Spatio-Temporal Datasets
- 融合3D建筑轮廓与时空气象数据，动态模拟阴影影响。
- 120座城市分析显示，立面光伏平均达屋顶的68.2%。
- 约17.5%城市立面潜力超屋顶，适合推广立面光伏。
本研究针对不同时间与空间尺度下建筑一体化光伏（BIPV）潜力估算的挑战，提出一种整合三维建筑轮廓模型与多源气象数据的综合方法，以考虑动态阴影效应。该方法可在全球范围内评估单体建筑、街区及城市层面的屋顶与立面光伏潜力。通过对120个典型城市的分析，揭示了建筑形态、城市景观结构与地理区位对光伏潜力的影响。仿真结果显示，在光伏表现最优的城市中，立面光伏潜力平均为屋顶的68.2%；另有约17.5%的样本城市立面潜力高于屋顶。这一发现凸显将立面光伏纳入城市可持续能源系统的战略价值。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
This research tackles the challenges of estimating Building-Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) potential across various temporal and spatial scales, accounting for different geographical climates and urban morphology. We introduce a holistic methodology for evaluating BIPV potential, integrating 3D building footprint models with diverse meteorological data sources to account for dynamic shadow effects. The approach enables the assessment of PV potential on facades and rooftops at different levels-individual buildings, urban blocks, and cities globally. Through an analysis of 120 typical cities, we highlight the importance of 3D building forms, cityscape morphology, and geographic positioning in measuring BIPV potential at various levels. In particular, our simulation study reveals that among cities with optimal facade PV performance, the average ratio of facade PV potential to rooftop PV potential is approximately 68.2%. Additionally, approximately 17.5% of the analyzed samples demonstrate even higher facade PV potentials compared to rooftop installations. This finding underscores the strategic value of incorporating facade PV applications into urban sustainable energy systems.
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