arXiv:2412.03433cs.ROcs.AI2024-12被引 2

用遗传算法优化无人机群在有障碍网格环境中的路径规划,实现全覆盖且耗时最少。

Genetic Algorithm Based System for Path Planning with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Swarms in Cell-Grid Environments

  • 基于遗传算法进化搜索最优路径,无需目标点或先验信息。
  • 在五张不同大小和障碍密度的地图上验证,所有无人机均完成全图覆盖。
  • 适合大规模无人机群野外探索任务,可显著降低能耗与飞行时间。

由于自主控制无人机群在操作上的优势,其路径规划方法正日益受到关注。越来越多场景需要多架无人机自主运行,以大幅降低人力成本。同时,获得最优飞行路径可减少能耗,延长电池寿命以支持其他关键任务。然而,诸如输电线、树木等障碍物使路径规划变得复杂。本文提出一种基于进化计算的系统,采用遗传算法解决此类环境中的路径规划问题。该方法旨在确保对固定障碍物区域(如野外勘探任务)实现完全覆盖,同时无论地图规模或无人机数量如何,均最小化飞行时间。无需特定目标点或除地图外的先验信息。实验使用五张不同尺寸和障碍密度的地图及一张无障碍对照地图,配置不同数量的无人机进行测试。结果表明,该方法可在全图遍历中为所有无人机确定最优路径,从而最小化资源消耗。通过与现有先进方法的对比分析,突显了本方法的优势与潜在局限性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Path Planning methods for autonomously controlling swarms of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are gaining momentum due to their operational advantages. An increasing number of scenarios now require autonomous control of multiple UAVs, as autonomous operation can significantly reduce labor costs. Additionally, obtaining optimal flight paths can lower energy consumption, thereby extending battery life for other critical operations. Many of these scenarios, however, involve obstacles such as power lines and trees, which complicate Path Planning. This paper presents an evolutionary computation-based system employing genetic algorithms to address this problem in environments with obstacles. The proposed approach aims to ensure complete coverage of areas with fixed obstacles, such as in field exploration tasks, while minimizing flight time regardless of map size or the number of UAVs in the swarm. No specific goal points or prior information beyond the provided map is required. The experiments conducted in this study used five maps of varying sizes and obstacle densities, as well as a control map without obstacles, with different numbers of UAVs. The results demonstrate that this method can determine optimal paths for all UAVs during full map traversal, thus minimizing resource consumption. A comparative analysis with other state-of-the-art approach is presented to highlight the advantages and potential limitations of the proposed method.

路径规划无人机群遗传算法网格环境

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