比较德日行人过街行为,发现日本行人更谨慎,模型可跨国家迁移。
Predicting Pedestrian Crossing Behavior in Germany and Japan: Insights into Model Transferability
- 用机器学习模型分析德日行人过街选择与轨迹。
- 神经网络在过街决策上表现最佳,随机森林擅长预测轨迹。
- 提出无监督聚类方法提升模型跨国家迁移能力。
预测行人过街行为对智能交通系统避免人车碰撞至关重要。现有模型多基于单一国家数据训练,忽视国别差异。本文对比德国与日本无信号路口的行人过街行为,利用两国模拟器数据,构建四类机器学习模型预测间隙选择、斑马线使用及轨迹。结果显示,日本行人更谨慎,选择更大间隙;神经网络在间隙选择与斑马线使用预测中优于其他模型,随机森林在轨迹预测中表现最佳,且具备强迁移能力。通过无监督聚类方法构建可迁移模型,显著提升间隙选择与轨迹预测准确率。研究深化了对不同国家行人行为的理解,为模型跨域应用提供重要参考。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Predicting pedestrian crossing behavior is important for intelligent traffic systems to avoid pedestrian-vehicle collisions. Most existing pedestrian crossing behavior models are trained and evaluated on datasets collected from a single country, overlooking differences between countries. To address this gap, we compared pedestrian road-crossing behavior at unsignalized crossings in Germany and Japan. We presented four types of machine learning models to predict gap selection behavior, zebra crossing usage, and their trajectories using simulator data collected from both countries. When comparing the differences between countries, pedestrians from the study conducted in Japan are more cautious, selecting larger gaps compared to those in Germany. We evaluate and analyze model transferability. Our results show that neural networks outperform other machine learning models in predicting gap selection and zebra crossing usage, while random forest models perform best on trajectory prediction tasks, demonstrating strong performance and transferability. We develop a transferable model using an unsupervised clustering method, which improves prediction accuracy for gap selection and trajectory prediction. These findings provide a deeper understanding of pedestrian crossing behaviors in different countries and offer valuable insights into model transferability.
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