综述大模型在政治与民主中的应用与风险
Large Language Models in Politics and Democracy: A Comprehensive Survey
- 系统梳理大模型在立法、传播、分析等政治领域的应用
- 指出其提升效率的同时带来偏见与问责难题
- 适合政策制定者与科技伦理研究者参考
生成式人工智能，尤其是大语言模型（LLMs），对政治与民主产生深远影响，在政策制定、政治传播、分析及治理等多个领域展现出潜力。本文全面综述了大模型在政治中的近期与潜在应用，探讨其机遇与挑战。研究涵盖立法过程、政治传播、政治分析，以及外交、国家安全、经济社会建模和法律应用中的可能性。尽管大模型有望提升政治过程的效率、包容性与决策质量，但其在偏见、透明度与问责方面的问题不容忽视。论文强调必须推动负责任的开发、伦理考量与治理框架，以确保大模型融入政治符合民主价值，促进更公正、平等的社会。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The advancement of generative AI, particularly large language models (LLMs), has a significant impact on politics and democracy, offering potential across various domains, including policymaking, political communication, analysis, and governance. This paper surveys the recent and potential applications of LLMs in politics, examining both their promises and the associated challenges. This paper examines the ways in which LLMs are being employed in legislative processes, political communication, and political analysis. Moreover, we investigate the potential of LLMs in diplomatic and national security contexts, economic and social modeling, and legal applications. While LLMs offer opportunities to enhance efficiency, inclusivity, and decision-making in political processes, they also present challenges related to bias, transparency, and accountability. The paper underscores the necessity for responsible development, ethical considerations, and governance frameworks to ensure that the integration of LLMs into politics aligns with democratic values and promotes a more just and equitable society.
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