针对不可直接观测的航天器姿态控制问题,提出一种可渐近跟踪的隐式动态系统控制器。
Tracking control of latent dynamic systems with application to spacecraft attitude control
- 通过学习隐变量与高维观测间的非线性映射,构建可辨识的隐动态模型。
- 在存在观测噪声和控制偏差下,实现闭环系统的渐近跟踪,误差趋于零。
- 适用于复杂环境下的智能航天器控制,尤其适合观测变量难以直接测量的场景。
当智能航天器或空间机器人在复杂环境中执行任务时,可控变量通常不可直接获取,需从高维可观测变量(如神经网络输出或图像)中推断。尽管观测动态高度复杂,其内在机制可能简单,因此可视为隐动态系统。现有基于强化学习的方法存在样本效率低和泛化能力差的问题。本文提出一种渐近跟踪控制器,假设隐变量与高维观测间存在未知非线性关系,系统动态为未知但仿射非线性。通过学习可辨识的隐动态模型以恢复隐变量并估计动力学,该训练过程不依赖目标或参考轨迹。基于学习模型,设计人工反馈线性化控制器,确保闭环系统具备渐近跟踪特性。进一步扩展至存在不可控环境隐变量的情形。作为应用,对基于隐空间的航天器姿态动态模型进行仿真验证,考虑了观测噪声和控制偏差的影响。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
When intelligent spacecraft or space robots perform tasks in a complex environment, the controllable variables are usually not directly available and have to be inferred from high-dimensional observable variables, such as outputs of neural networks or images. While the dynamics of these observations are highly complex, the mechanisms behind them may be simple, which makes it possible to regard them as latent dynamic systems. For control of latent dynamic systems, methods based on reinforcement learning suffer from sample inefficiency and generalization problems. In this work, we propose an asymptotic tracking controller for latent dynamic systems. The latent variables are related to the high-dimensional observations through an unknown nonlinear function. The dynamics are unknown but assumed to be affine nonlinear. To realize asymptotic tracking, an identifiable latent dynamic model is learned to recover the latents and estimate the dynamics. This training process does not depend on the goals or reference trajectories. Based on the learned model, we use a manually designed feedback linearization controller to ensure the asymptotic tracking property of the closed-loop system. After considering fully controllable systems, the results are extended to the case that uncontrollable environmental latents exist. As an application, simulation experiments on a latent spacecraft attitude dynamic model are conducted to verify the proposed methods, and the observation noise and control deviation are taken into consideration.
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