arXiv:2412.06486cs.LGcs.AI2024-12

用世界模型生成模拟数据,改进离线强化学习策略。

SimuDICE: Offline Policy Optimization Through World Model Updates and DICE Estimation

  • 通过世界模型生成模拟经验,迭代优化初始策略。
  • 利用DICE估计调整采样概率,减少分布偏移影响。
  • 在少数据和不同采集策略下仍表现稳定,适合资源有限场景。

在离线强化学习中,从预先收集的经验中提取有效策略面临目标策略与行为策略之间的分布不匹配以及样本量有限的挑战。基于模型的强化学习通过学习环境动态模型生成模拟经验来提升样本效率,但这些合成经验常存在同样的分布偏移问题。为此,我们提出SimuDICE框架,通过世界模型生成的模拟经验,迭代优化初始策略。该方法利用静态度分布修正估计(DICE)和模型预测置信度,调整状态-动作对的采样概率,从而提升模拟经验质量。该策略通过平衡常见经验与分布不匹配经验的比重,指导策略改进。实验表明,SimuDICE在性能上媲美现有算法,同时所需预收集经验更少、规划步骤更少,且在不同数据采集策略下保持鲁棒性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

In offline reinforcement learning, deriving an effective policy from a pre-collected set of experiences is challenging due to the distribution mismatch between the target policy and the behavioral policy used to collect the data, as well as the limited sample size. Model-based reinforcement learning improves sample efficiency by generating simulated experiences using a learned dynamic model of the environment. However, these synthetic experiences often suffer from the same distribution mismatch. To address these challenges, we introduce SimuDICE, a framework that iteratively refines the initial policy derived from offline data using synthetically generated experiences from the world model. SimuDICE enhances the quality of these simulated experiences by adjusting the sampling probabilities of state-action pairs based on stationary DIstribution Correction Estimation (DICE) and the estimated confidence in the model's predictions. This approach guides policy improvement by balancing experiences similar to those frequently encountered with ones that have a distribution mismatch. Our experiments show that SimuDICE achieves performance comparable to existing algorithms while requiring fewer pre-collected experiences and planning steps, and it remains robust across varying data collection policies.

离线RL世界模型DICE策略优化

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