arXiv:2412.06867cs.LGcs.AI2024-12被引 4

通过联合优化实现零损失压缩,让模型更小还更强。

Lossless Model Compression via Joint Low-Rank Factorization Optimization

  • 提出联合优化框架,同时最小化压缩误差与性能损失。
  • 在ResNext50上压缩70%后性能反超原始模型。
  • 无需微调,适配多类视觉与语言模型。

低秩分解是主流的模型压缩技术,旨在最小化近似权值矩阵与原始矩阵间的误差δ。尽管δ优化后性能接近原模型,但因低秩分解与模型性能优化分离,仍存在不可忽略的性能差距。本文首次提出一种联合优化策略,实现无损低秩权重分解,并使模型性能超越原始模型。通过理论分析建立矩阵分解误差对模型性能的影响范围,将问题重构为带不等式约束的数值秩不足问题,设计联合目标函数同步优化分解误差与模型性能。基于此,提出两种算法:无损优化算法在保证压缩的同时最大化精度;紧凑优化算法在保持性能前提下最小化模型规模。二者均无需微调,可直接应用于多种深度模型并实现无损压缩。实验显示,对ResNext50压缩70%后性能优于原始模型,且在多个视觉与语言任务中表现稳健。代码将公开。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Low-rank factorization is a popular model compression technique that minimizes the error $δ$ between approximated and original weight matrices. Despite achieving performances close to the original models when $δ$ is optimized, a performance discrepancy remains due to the separate optimization processes for low-rank factorization and model performance, resulting in unavoidable losses. We address this issue by introducing a novel joint optimization strategy for lossless low-rank weight factorization, which, for the first time, enhances the model's performance beyond the original. Our approach begins with a theoretical analysis of the relationship between low-rank factorization and model optimization objectives, establishing a precise perturbation range for matrix factorization errors on model performance. This challenge is then reformulated as a numerical rank deficiency problem with inequality constraints and develop a joint objective that simultaneously addresses factorization error and model performance. Based on the above analysis, we propose two optimization algorithms: \textbf{a lossless optimization algorithm} that maximizes model accuracy while ensuring compression, and \textbf{a compact optimization algorithm} that minimizes model size while preserving performance. These algorithms do not require fine-tuning and can directly compress numerous deep models to achieve lossless results. Our methods demonstrate robust efficacy across various vision and language tasks. For example, the compressed model reduced by 70\% on ResNext50 outperforms the original. Our code will be made public.

模型压缩低秩分解无损压缩联合优化

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