arXiv:2412.08731cs.LGcs.AI2024-12

用自注意力改进MLP,让神经场更好做条件建模和下游任务。

From MLP to NeoMLP: Leveraging Self-Attention for Neural Fields

  • 将MLP转为带自注意力的完整图结构,实现节点间信息交互。
  • 在高分辨率音视频数据上成功拟合,并学习到实例专属潜在码。
  • 适合需要高效条件建模的神经场应用,如多模态信号处理。

神经场(NeFs)已成为编码多种模态时空信号的先进方法。尽管在重建单个信号方面表现优异,但其在分类或分割等下游任务中的应用受限于参数空间复杂性和对称性,以及缺乏强大且可扩展的条件机制。本文受联结主义原理启发,设计了一种基于MLP的新架构NeoMLP。从视作图的MLP出发,将其由多部图转化为包含输入、隐藏和输出节点的完整图,配备高维特征。在该图上进行消息传递,并通过自注意力在所有节点间共享权重。NeoMLP内置条件机制,隐藏和输出节点作为一组潜在码,可直接作为条件神经场使用。我们通过拟合高分辨率信号(包括多模态音视频数据)验证了方法的有效性。此外,通过单一骨干网络学习实例特定的潜在码集合,并用于下游任务,性能优于近期最先进方法。源代码已开源:https://github.com/mkofinas/neomlp。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Neural fields (NeFs) have recently emerged as a state-of-the-art method for encoding spatio-temporal signals of various modalities. Despite the success of NeFs in reconstructing individual signals, their use as representations in downstream tasks, such as classification or segmentation, is hindered by the complexity of the parameter space and its underlying symmetries, in addition to the lack of powerful and scalable conditioning mechanisms. In this work, we draw inspiration from the principles of connectionism to design a new architecture based on MLPs, which we term NeoMLP. We start from an MLP, viewed as a graph, and transform it from a multi-partite graph to a complete graph of input, hidden, and output nodes, equipped with high-dimensional features. We perform message passing on this graph and employ weight-sharing via self-attention among all the nodes. NeoMLP has a built-in mechanism for conditioning through the hidden and output nodes, which function as a set of latent codes, and as such, NeoMLP can be used straightforwardly as a conditional neural field. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method by fitting high-resolution signals, including multi-modal audio-visual data. Furthermore, we fit datasets of neural representations, by learning instance-specific sets of latent codes using a single backbone architecture, and then use them for downstream tasks, outperforming recent state-of-the-art methods. The source code is open-sourced at https://github.com/mkofinas/neomlp.

神经场自注意力条件建模MLP改进

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