纠正教师模型的偏差,让学生模型超越教师表现。
Can Students Beyond The Teacher? Distilling Knowledge from Teacher's Bias
- 分离知识与偏差,过滤错误信息提升学习质量。
- 动态学习策略使学生先学简单任务,再攻克偏差难题。
- 首次实现学生模型性能超越教师,适配主流压缩框架。
知识蒸馏(KD)是一种将大模型知识迁移至小模型以提升性能的压缩技术。现有方法通常假设学生模型天然劣于教师模型,但我们发现影响学生表现的根本问题是教师传递的偏差。当前框架同时传递正确与错误知识,引入误导性偏差。为此,我们提出新策略:首先设计偏差消除方法,仅保留正确知识供学生学习;其次提出偏差修正方法,重构教师错误预测,从根本上缓解偏差干扰;学生模型从正确知识和修正后的偏差中学习,显著提升准确率。此外,引入动态学习机制,通过自适应更新损失权重,使学生优先学习易任务,再处理由偏差带来的难任务,极大提升学习效率。实验表明,该策略作为即插即用模块,可广泛适配多种主流KD框架。据我们所知,这是首个使学生模型超越教师模型的方法。代码将在论文录用后公开。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Knowledge distillation (KD) is a model compression technique that transfers knowledge from a large teacher model to a smaller student model to enhance its performance. Existing methods often assume that the student model is inherently inferior to the teacher model. However, we identify that the fundamental issue affecting student performance is the bias transferred by the teacher. Current KD frameworks transmit both right and wrong knowledge, introducing bias that misleads the student model. To address this issue, we propose a novel strategy to rectify bias and greatly improve the student model's performance. Our strategy involves three steps: First, we differentiate knowledge and design a bias elimination method to filter out biases, retaining only the right knowledge for the student model to learn. Next, we propose a bias rectification method to rectify the teacher model's wrong predictions, fundamentally addressing bias interference. The student model learns from both the right knowledge and the rectified biases, greatly improving its prediction accuracy. Additionally, we introduce a dynamic learning approach with a loss function that updates weights dynamically, allowing the student model to quickly learn right knowledge-based easy tasks initially and tackle hard tasks corresponding to biases later, greatly enhancing the student model's learning efficiency. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first strategy enabling the student model to surpass the teacher model. Experiments demonstrate that our strategy, as a plug-and-play module, is versatile across various mainstream KD frameworks. We will release our code after the paper is accepted.
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