剖析人形机器人中的偏见来源与影响，提出应对策略。
Bots against Bias: Critical Next Steps for Human-Robot Interaction
- 从设计意识出发，识别机器人偏见的多重来源。
- 展示机器人可辅助人类认知偏见研究与矫正。
- 为伦理、法律层面的机器人偏见治理提供行动指南。
人类存在偏见，其制造的机器人同样带有偏见。偏见是驱动我们感知与行为的自然现象，尤其在具备类人特征的社交机器人中表现明显。认识到我们在设计中无意识嵌入偏见，对理解其在现代社会中的影响至关重要。本文探讨人形、人工智能赋能且具表达性的社交机器人中的偏见问题：偏见从何而来？呈现为何种形式？我们应如何应对？沿着两条并行路径展开：（1）以反偏见意识设计的机器人；（2）可帮助人类应对社会偏见的机器人。结合最新人机交互（HRI）研究案例，从社会、法律与伦理角度分析，并提出若干关键下一步行动建议，以应对人机交互中偏见带来的挑战与机遇。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We humans are biased - and our robotic creations are biased, too. Bias is a natural phenomenon that drives our perceptions and behavior, including when it comes to socially expressive robots that have humanlike features. Recognizing that we embed bias, knowingly or not, within the design of such robots is crucial to studying its implications for people in modern societies. In this chapter, I consider the multifaceted question of bias in the context of humanoid, AI-enabled, and expressive social robots: Where does bias arise, what does it look like, and what can (or should) we do about it. I offer observations on human-robot interaction (HRI) along two parallel tracks: (1) robots designed in bias-conscious ways and (2) robots that may help us tackle bias in the human world. I outline a curated selection of cases for each track drawn from the latest HRI research and positioned against social, legal, and ethical factors. I also propose a set of critical next steps to tackle the challenges and opportunities on bias within HRI research and practice.
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