用查询机制融合雷达与摄像头,提升3D目标检测精度。
RaCFormer: Towards High-Quality 3D Object Detection via Query-based Radar-Camera Fusion
- 基于查询的融合框架,自适应采样图像与鸟瞰图特征。
- nuScenes上达64.9% mAP、70.2% NDS,领先当前方法。
- 适合自动驾驶中多传感器融合场景的研究者参考。
我们提出雷达-相机融合变换器(RaCFormer),通过以下洞察提升3D目标检测精度:室外场景中雷达-相机融合受限于图像到鸟瞰图(BEV)的转换——若像素深度估计不准,直接融合BEV特征会整合错位的视觉内容。为此,我们设计了一种基于查询的框架,可自适应地从鸟瞰图和原始图像视图中采样实例相关特征。同时,通过两项关键设计提升系统性能:优化查询初始化,引入极坐标下的自适应环形分布,实现基于距离的查询密度调整;增强BEV表征能力,先引入雷达引导的深度头以优化图像到BEV的转换,再利用雷达的多普勒效应,设计隐式动态捕捉器以捕获BEV中的时序信息。在nuScenes和View-of-Delft(VoD)数据集上的大量实验验证了设计的有效性。显著地,我们的方法在nuScenes上取得64.9% mAP和70.2% NDS的优异表现,同时在VoD数据集上也达到当前最优水平。代码已开源。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We propose Radar-Camera fusion transformer (RaCFormer) to boost the accuracy of 3D object detection by the following insight. The Radar-Camera fusion in outdoor 3D scene perception is capped by the image-to-BEV transformation--if the depth of pixels is not accurately estimated, the naive combination of BEV features actually integrates unaligned visual content. To avoid this problem, we propose a query-based framework that enables adaptive sampling of instance-relevant features from both the bird's-eye view (BEV) and the original image view. Furthermore, we enhance system performance by two key designs: optimizing query initialization and strengthening the representational capacity of BEV. For the former, we introduce an adaptive circular distribution in polar coordinates to refine the initialization of object queries, allowing for a distance-based adjustment of query density. For the latter, we initially incorporate a radar-guided depth head to refine the transformation from image view to BEV. Subsequently, we focus on leveraging the Doppler effect of radar and introduce an implicit dynamic catcher to capture the temporal elements within the BEV. Extensive experiments on nuScenes and View-of-Delft (VoD) datasets validate the merits of our design. Remarkably, our method achieves superior results of 64.9% mAP and 70.2% NDS on nuScenes. RaCFormer also secures the state-of-the-art performance on the VoD dataset. Code is available at https://github.com/cxmomo/RaCFormer.
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