用不确定性感知的时序逻辑预测人机交互,实时监控安全并自适应调整控制。
Quantitative Predictive Monitoring and Control for Safe Human-Machine Interaction

- 基于带不确定性的时序逻辑(STL-U)构建量化预测监控器,计算安全度区间。
- 在糖尿病管理与半自动驾驶中,预测安全性和有效性均显著提升。
- 适合关注人机交互安全的智能系统研发者,尤其医疗与交通领域。
人工智能系统与人类交互的应用日益广泛,涵盖医疗、交通等领域,但不安全的人机交互可能导致灾难性后果。本文提出一种新方法:通过考虑人类交互的不确定性来预测未来状态,监测预测是否满足或违反安全要求,并根据预测监控结果自适应调整控制策略。具体地,我们设计了一种基于不确定性时序逻辑(STL-U)的定量预测监控器,用于计算鲁棒度区间,反映一系列不确定预测对STL-U规范的满足或违反程度。同时,提出一种新的损失函数以校准贝叶斯深度学习中的不确定性,并设计一种利用监控结果的自适应控制方法。在两类案例研究中验证:1型糖尿病管理与半自动驾驶。实验表明,该方法在两个场景中均显著提升了系统安全性与有效性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
There is a growing trend toward AI systems interacting with humans to revolutionize a range of application domains such as healthcare and transportation. However, unsafe human-machine interaction can lead to catastrophic failures. We propose a novel approach that predicts future states by accounting for the uncertainty of human interaction, monitors whether predictions satisfy or violate safety requirements, and adapts control actions based on the predictive monitoring results. Specifically, we develop a new quantitative predictive monitor based on Signal Temporal Logic with Uncertainty (STL-U) to compute a robustness degree interval, which indicates the extent to which a sequence of uncertain predictions satisfies or violates an STL-U requirement. We also develop a new loss function to guide the uncertainty calibration of Bayesian deep learning and a new adaptive control method, both of which leverage STL-U quantitative predictive monitoring results. We apply the proposed approach to two case studies: Type 1 Diabetes management and semi-autonomous driving. Experiments show that the proposed approach improves safety and effectiveness in both case studies.
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